中國 古代公文書 發展過程과 硏究現況 = Progress of and Study on China’s Ancient Official Documents

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The process of progress of China's ancient official documents can be divided into four stages: sprout, first step, growing and settlement-decline.
Since 1980's, the study of Chinese practical style has remarkably progressed and the fruits have been eye-catching. Today's study of Chinese practical style can be characterized by the followings.
The study on documents in China is being carried out at the department of secretary, of documents and of applied essay-writing. Studies of secretaries, of documents and of applied essay-writing is being carried out by concerned organizations, professors and researchers working for specialized institutions. The objects and directions of the study: (1) document compilation organizations and their men; (2) document-writing skills; (3) official documents' styles; (4) formulas and methods of processing of official documents; (5) systems and regulations of processing of official documents; (6) official documents' languages and styles. It is natural that these studies include not only contemporary documents but also ancient ones and lay stress on not only theories but also practice. There are very many results of related studies and significant related texts, but from the point of view of levels and results, very few are excellent in quality. Most studies are about official documents―mainly in practical style.
Main restricting conditions for the study of practical style are the absolute shortage of researching manpower and insufficiency of the foundation of studies. Those conditions are recently growing better gradually, though still in low level. The participation of departments of studies of diverse spheres is widening the broad of researching group of practice styles and consequently is having good influence on the studies of practical styles. The progress and the change of government systems are objects of studies of the department of history. The close connection between government systems and the systems of official documents made some historians be concerned with ancient documents and produced many fruits.
Since the beginning of the last century, a number of ancient written bamboos and documents were excavated in Dunhuang, Turfan, Yunmeng, Guodian and so on. These provide studies of history with important new sources from Fighting Nations' Period through Five Dynasties' Period. Due to this, there appeared new spheres of studies. These studies of those ancient records refer to ancient practical styles and consequently many related studies have produced fruits. A great number of Chinese ancient records were drained overseas and so studies on them have been accumulated in many countries.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

중국의 공문서의 발전과정은 크게 맹아기-초보기-성장기-정착쇠퇴기의 4단계로 나눌 수 있다. 1980년대 이래 중국실용문체의 연구는 현저하게 발전했다. 현재 중국에서 문서에 관한 연구는 비서학과, 문서학과, 應用寫作學科 등에서 이루어지고 있다. 정치제도와 공문서제도와의 밀접한 관계로 인해 역사학자들이 고문서에 관심을 가지게 되었고, 많은 성과를 이루어내었다.

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