Ferroelectric fatigue and stabilized piezoelectric properties of BaTiO3-BaZrO3 electroceramics with optimized electric poling conditions

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Lead-free BaZrx Ti1-xO3(for x = 0, 0.01, 0.02, …., 0.10 in the step of 0.01 mol.%) electroceramics were synthesized by solid-state reaction; to understand the efect of Zr4+ substitution on the electromechanical, energy storage, and ferroelectric fatigue properties of BaTiO piezoceramics. All ceramics revealed a dense microstructure having an average relative density of > 90%. The BZT1 ceramic exhibits orthorhombic (Amm2 (88%)) + tetragonal (P4mm (12%)) and BZT2 ceramic exhibit Amm2 (86%) + P4mm (14%) phase coexistence and all other ceramics exhibit P4mm crystal symmetries near room temperature. The x = 0.06 (BZT6) revealed the energy storage efciency and density of ~ 80.18% and 418 mJ/cm respectively. The fatigue-free response of all ceramics (106 cycles) is better than PbTiO3-PbZrO3 (PZT; 104–105 cycles) ceramics. The parameters such as θ, kp, and d33 were measured at various electric poling conditions. At an applied voltage of 650 V for 1 h, the pure BaTiO3 exhibits a θ of 43°, d33~ 146 pC/N, and k ~ 0.3045, whereas, the maximum d33 value of 148 pC/N was achieved for x = 0.02 (BZT2) even at a lower θ of 28° with k ~ 0.3209. However, for x = 0.05 (BZT5) ceramics, the maximum d33 value of 147 pC/N was obtained at the lower θ of 3°, and kp ~ 0.2249 at 1050 V applied voltage for 1 h. Thus, here we have discussed the fatigue nature as well as the optimization of electric poling conditions for BaTiO3-BaZrO3 electro ceramics to invoke better piezoelectric and electromechanical properties along with energy storage ability.