우주항공청 개청의 정책 과정에 관한 연구 - 킹던(Kingdon)의 다중흐름모형을 중심으로 - = A Study on the Policy Process of Establishing the Korea AeroSpace Administration (KASA): Focusing on Kingdon’s Multiple Streams Framework

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study aims to analyze the policy process through which the establishment of KASA—originally proposed as a presidential campaign pledge by President Yoon Suk Yeol—was placed on the policy agenda and institutionalized within just two years. Applying Kingdon’s Multiple Streams Framework(MSF), this research examines the components of the three streams(problem stream, policy stream, and political stream) and identifies the policy entrepreneurs who played a leading role in the process. Based on the analysis of news articles, government documents, and relevant literature, this study found that a series of factors contributed to the opening of the policy window. These included focusing events such as the launch of the Nuri rocket and the rise of SpaceX in the United States, the problem stream highlighting the absence of a national control tower in the space and aerospace sector, the policy stream advocating for Korea to become a major space power through the establishment of the Korea AeroSpace Administration(KASA), and the political stream driven by a presidential campaign pledge and the subsequent securing of political momentum after the election. These three streams converged to open a policy window. The key policy entrepreneurs identified in this process were the President, members of the National Assembly, and experts in the aerospace field. Among them, the President played a particularly pivotal role, acting as a strong policy entrepreneur who consistently led the policy agenda-setting and decision-making process, thereby significantly contributing to the establishment of KASA. The policy implications of this study are as follows: First, when policies involve high-impact issues or potential stakeholder conflicts, institutional safeguards are needed to prevent any single policy entrepreneurs from dominating the process. Diverse options and stakeholder perspectives should be incorporated in a balanced and inclusive manner. Second, stakeholders should be able to influence the opening of the policy window by participating in public hearings, surveys, or other formal channels, thereby contributing to both the policy and political streams. Third, as the space and aerospace sector is a technology-intensive industry requiring long-term vision and international cooperation, KASA must be granted sufficient authority and resources to function effectively as a national control tower. Alongside mid- to long-term strategies, flexible and timely short-term policies are also essential to adapt to rapidly changing global dynamics and technological developments. Fourth, to ensure sustainable growth and competitiveness, it is crucial to continuously address and refine issues raised by policy communities during the agenda-setting process.