짝자래나무 추출물의 항산화 및 미백 효과

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 짝자래나무의 항산화 및 미백제로서의 유효성을 알아보기 위해 100% 에탄올과 물을 이용한 추출물의 폴리페놀 함량, 플라보노이드 함량, 전자공여능, tyrosinase 활성 저해효과 및 세포내 멜라닌 생합성 억제효과를 조사하였다. 유용한 생리활성을 가질 것으로 예상되는 폴리페놀 및 플라보노이드 함량을 실험한 결과 총 폴리페놀과 플라보노이드의 함량은 에탄올 추출물에서 384.51, 120.39 mg/g으로 물 추출물의 265.56, 80.72 mg/g보다 높게 나타난 것을 확인하였으며 짝자래나무의 에탄올 추출물과 물 추출물 모두 200 mg/g 이상의 높은 폴리페놀을 함유하는 것을 확인하였다. 항산화능을 평가하기 위해 DPPH를 이용한 전자공여능 실험 결과 짝자래나무의 추출물 중 총 폴리페놀 함량이 높은 에탄올 추출물이 21.6 ppm으로 물 추출물의 40.5 ppm보다 약 2배 높은 것을 확인하였다. 미백제로의 효능을 알아보고자 실행한 tyrosinase 활성 저해 및 세포내 멜라닌 생합성 억제에 관한 결과 짝자래나무의 에탄올 추출물에서 tyrosinase 활성억제농도(IC<SUB>50</SUB>)는 256.3 ppm, 멜라노사이트에 50 ppm 농도로 처리하였을 때 멜라닌 생성억제 효과가 53.36%로 높은 효과를 가지는 것을 확인하였다. 이상의 결과에 따르면 짝자래나무의 에탄올 추출물의 경우 항산화제 및 미백제로서 큰 가능성을 가지는 것으로 나타났다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the antioxidant and skin whitening effects of Rhamnus yoshinoi extracts. Rhamnus yoshinoi was extracted with 100% ethanol and water. The antioxidative and skin whitening effects of extracts were determined by in vitro assays using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method and inhibitory effects against tyrosinase activity and melanogenesis in B16F1 melanoma cells. The radical scavenging activities of the Rhamnus yoshinoi extracts were tested by DPPH assay and showed high DPPH radical scavenging activities (SC50; 21.6 ppm in EtOH, 40.5 ppm in water). As for tyrosinase inhibitory activity, the Rhamnus yoshinoi ethanol extract had the highest inhibition activity (IC50; 256.3 ppm). In B16F1 mouse melanoma cells, the Rhamnus yoshinoi ethanol extract significantly inhibited melanin synthesis by 53.36% at the concentration of 50 ppm. These results suggest that Rhamnus yoshinoi
ethanol extract has significant antioxidant activity and whitening activity.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Abstract
• 서론
• 재료 및 방법
• 결과 및 고찰
• 요약
• 감사의 글
• 문헌

참고문헌 (Reference)

• 1 박영숙, "한약재 추출물의 폴리페놀 화합물과 항산화 활성" 동아시아식생활학회 12 (12): 23-31, 2002
• 2 노진우, "목련(Magnolia denudata Desr.) 꽃 추출물의 생리활성" 한국식품영양과학회 38 (38): 1478-1484, 2009
• 3 석호문, "도정부산물로부터 분리한 보리 폴리페놀 추출물의 항상화 효과" 한국식품과학회 34 (34): 889-892, 2002
• 4 우정향, "국화과 식물 중 꽃 에탄올추출물의 항산화효과" 한국식품영양과학회 39 (39): 159-164, 2010
• 5 김경범, "국내 유통 중인 식용식물 추출물의 항산화효과" 한국응용생명화학회 49 (49): 328-333, 2006
• 6 최용민, "국내 시판되는 일부 다류 제품의 항산화 효과" 한국식품영양과학회 32 (32): 723-727, 2003
• 7 홍정희, "곶감, 생감 및 감잎 추출물의 생리활성 효과" 한국식품영양과학회 37 (37): 957-964, 2008
• 8 Branen AL, "oxicological and biochemistry of butylated hydroxyanisole and butylated hydroxytolene" 52 : 59-63, 1975
• 9 Block G, "Vitamin C, cancer, and aging" 16 : 55-58, 1993
• 10 Williams GM, "Toxicity studies of butylated hydroxyanisole and butylated hydroxytoluene. II. Chronic feeding studies" 28 : 799-806, 1990
• 11 Lee WC, "The study on the functional materials and effects of mulberry leaf" 36 : 2-14, 2003
• 12 Iwata M, "The relationship between tyrosinase activity and skin color in human foreskins" 95 : 9-15, 1990
• 13 Regnstrm J, "Susceptibility to low-density lipoprotein oxidation and coronary atherosclerosis in man" 339 : 1183-1186, 1992
• 14 Shin JY, "Screening of natural products that have activities against skin-aging" 14 : 568-572, 2001
• 15 Halliwell B, "Role of free radicals and catalytic metal ions in human disease: An overview" 186 : 1-85, 1990
• 16 Papa S, "Reactive oxygen species, mitochondria, apoptosis and aging" 174 : 305-319, 1997
• 17 Mosmann T, "Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival: Application to proliferation and cytotoxicity assays" 65 : 55-63, 1983
• 18 Feskanich D, "Prospective study of fruit and vegetable consumption and risk of lung cancer among men and women" 92 : 1812-, 2000
• 19 Baurin N, "Preliminary screening of some tropical plants for anti-tyrosinase activity" 82 : 155-158, 2002
• 20 Bravo L, "Polyphenols: Chemistry, dietary sources, metabolism, and nutritional significance" 56 : 317-333, 1998
• 21 Gutfinger T, "Polyphenol in olive oils" 58 : 966-972, 1981
• 22 Cerutti PA, "Oxy-radicals and cancer" 344 : 862-863, 1994
• 23 Abuja PM, "Methods for monitoring oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation and oxidation resistance of lipoproteins" 306 : 1-17, 2001
• 24 Hearing VJ, "Mammalian tyrosinase--the critical regulatory control point in melanocyte pigmentation" 19 : 1141-1147, 1987
• 25 Yamakoshi J, "Lightening effect on ultraviolet-induced pigmentation of guinea pig skin by oral administration of a proanthocyanidin-rich extract from grape seeds" 16 : 629-638, 2003
• 26 Cabanes J, "Kojic acid, a cosmetic skin whitening agent, is a slow-binding inhibitor of catecholase activity of tyrosinase" 46 : 982-985, 1994
• 27 Gey KF, "Inverse correlation between plasma vitamin E and mortality from ischemic heart disease in cross-cultural epidemiology" 53 : 326-334, 1991
• 28 Chang YH, "Inhibition of melanogenesis by selina-4(14),7(11)-dien-8-one isolated from Atractylodis Rhizoma Alba" 30 : 719-723, 2007
• 29 Tsuboi T, "Enhanced melanogenesis induced by tyrosinase gene-transfer increases boronuptake and killing effect of boron neutron capture therapy for amelanotic melanoma" 11 : 275-282, 1998
• 30 Ames BN, "Endogenous DNA damage as related to cancer and aging" 214 : 41-46, 1989
• 31 Cha JY, "Effects of hesperetin and naringenin on lipid concentration in orotic acid treated mice" 9 : 389-394, 1999
• 32 Lee KD, "Antioxidative effectiveness of water extract and ether in wormwood (Artemisia montana pampan)" 21 : 17-22, 1992
• 33 Lee KD, "Antioxidative and nitrite-scavenging activities of edible mushrooms" 29 : 432-436, 1997
• 34 Namiki MO, "Antioxidants and antimutagens in food" 29 : 273-300, 1990
• 35 Blois MS, "Antioxidant determination by the use of a stable free radical" 181 : 1199-1200, 1958
• 36 Cort WM, "Antioxidant activity of tocopherols, ascorbyl palmitate, and ascorbic acid and their mode of action" 51 : 321-325, 1974
• 37 Cort WM, "Antioxidant activity of tocopherols, ascorbyl palmitate, and ascorbic acid and their mode of action" 51 : 321-325, 1974
• 38 Masaki H, "Active-oxygen scavenging activity of plant extracts" 18 : 162-166, 1995
• 39 Coleman MD, "A preliminary evaluation of a novel method to monitor a triple antioxidant combination (vitamins E, C, and α-lipoic acid) in diabetic volunteers using in vitro methaemoglobin formation" 14 : 69-75, 2003
• 40 김현구, "1. 에탄올 농도에 따른 머루(Wild Grape, Vitis coignetiae) 추출물의 폴리페놀 함량 및 항산화 활성" 한국식품영양과학회 36 (36): 1491-1496, 2007