忠北道內 葉煙草 病蟲害의 發生 및 被害狀況調査 = Inquiring into the out break of tobacco plant pests and insects and the suffering conditions in Chung-Buk
저자
발행기관
학술지명
권호사항
발행연도
1971
작성언어
Korean
KDC
524.000
자료형태
학술저널
수록면
1-21(21쪽)
제공처
소장기관
a) This investigation was carried out in Chung-Buk province in order to obtain the basic data for divising an effective measure of controling tobacco plant pests and insects, and for establishing the cropping system to produce better and more tobacco by thoroughly inquiring into the out break of tobacco plant pests and insects and the suffering conditions.
b) Out-break rates of the main diseases and insects.
As for the disease, obvious differences were shown among the kinds of disease and among the districts.
Rates of out break of tobacco plant diseases were in the following order : brown spot, granville wile and virus for kinds of diseases : and Chungju-Miwon, Eumsong Jinchon, Choongju-Jechon, Poeun, Okchon, and Jeung pyong for districts.
Significant differences were recognized between the region of Chongju-Miwon and the region of Poeun, Okchon, Jeungpyong, and between the region of Jinchon-Eumsong, and the region of Okchon, Jeung pyong, while the differences among other regions were insignificant. As for the insects, outbreak rate of tobacco moths amounted to 50. 2% of tobacco plants, and differences were to be seen among regions. There were differences among the region of Chung ju-Miwon, Jinchon-Eumsung and four other regions while no differences were shown among the regions of Okchon, Poeun, Jeung pyong-Choonfiu and Jechon
c) Rate of injuries by those plant pests and insects were as follows:
i) Diseases : quantity‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥11.52%
quality ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥18.42%
ii) Isects : quantity‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥1.53%
quality‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥1.64%
Over all rates of injuries amounted to 13.05% in yields and to 20.06% in quality.
d) Tendencies of outbreak and rates of injuries by each plant and insects were as follows:
1) Diseases
a) Brown spot
Out break-rate of brown spot was the highest, 37.8% among all. No differeances were shown by the number of successive cropping years of tobacco plants on the same land. However, highly significant differences were found among different districts. Districts of Chonaju-Miwon showed highest rate of outbreak 79.5%, As to the rates of injuries in yield by this disease, differences were shown among districts and among kinds of leaves. And same tendencies were to be seen for the rates of injuries in qualities. Especially there were highly significant defferences among kinds of leaves. Rate of injuries both in yield and in quality was highest in medium leaves and in the order of main leaves, low leaves and high leaves. Some of the rates of injuries in different districts are shown below :
◁표 삽입▷ (원문을 참조하세요)
The average rails of injuries caused by this disease (Brown Spot) were 1.00% in yield and 1.85% in quality.
b) Virus disease
Average rate of outbreak of virus was 15.2%, next to brownspot, and was not related with the number of successive cropping years of tobacco on the same land. But each district showed different infection rate of virus; for instance, the outbreak-rate of virus in Jinchon Eumsong district amounted to 29.7%, which was the highest. Rate of injuries in yield by virus showed no obvious difference among districts but there were highly significant differences according to the degrees of infection: highest rate of injuries occured at outbreak index "5." Rates of injuries in quality showed highly significant differences among districts and degrees of infection: Several injuries were found in Jinchon Eumsong district, being 15.57% and at outbreak index "5"
The average rates of injuries by this disease were 4.18%, in yield and 8.25% in quality injuries in yield was next to the highest caused by granville wit and injuries in qualities was the highest among the injuries caused by other diseasess and insects investigated.
c) Granville wilt
It was only granville wilt among the diseases which were investigated that showed sign ificant difference of outbreak rate and of rate of injuries in yield owing to the number of successive years of cropping tobacco on the same land differences in rates of injuries were insignificant in each districts, but the more the years of continious cropping of tobacco the more the outbreak rate and loss in yield were observed. Outbreak rate of this disease was 9.9% and highest rate of injuries in yield was 9.9% found on the land of 20 years successive cropping of tobacco.
Average rate of injuries caused by granville wilt were 5.95% in yield, the highest among the diseases and insects, and 7.91% in quality, the next the highest injuries caused by virus.
2. Injuries caused by insects:
a) Tobacco moths and Tobacco bug.
Outbreak rate of mouths was 50.2% showing no difference owing to the number of successive cropping years of tobacco on the same land. But high differences in outbreak rate were found among districts : for instance, in Chongju-Miwon district, outbreak-rate amounted to 78% which was the highest percentage. Rates of injuries in both yield and quality showed great differences among districts and kinds of leaves. Greatest injuries occured in Chongju-Miwon district being 2.55% in yield and 2.59% in quality. Main leaves suffered the most injuries and next were in the order of medium leaves, high leaves and low leaves. Outbreak rate of tobacco bug was 2.9%, and the rate of injuries was 0.02%, only in quality, very slight, Average rates of loss caused by insects in the whole districts were 1.45% in yield and 1.55% in quality.
b) Nematode.
This survey was carried out in order to reveal tendency of the inhabitation density of nematode according to successive cropping of tobacco plants on the same land. Inhabitation density of nematode was found to be increasing remarkably with the years of successive of tobacco.
In course of 5 to 6 years of successive cropping of tobacco plants on the same land, inhabitation density increased gradually and reached the maximum density at 11 to 20 years of successive cropping.
Among districts, difference was found between the new production area and the old production area. As describe above, out break of granville wilt of tobacco plants increased with the number of successive cropping years. And with the same number of successive cropping years, outbreak of granville wilt increased with the inhabitation density of nematode.
c) The effect of brown spot, anthracnose, wild fire etc, upon the yield and quality of tobacco plants, which have not studied in this investigation will be studied later. And the later study will also include concrete survey on the time and outbreak conditions of tobacco disease and insects, countermeasures against successive cropping of tobacco, and relation between inhabitation density of nematode outbreak diseases, etc.
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