토마스 하아디의 小說에 內包되어 있는 그의 自然觀 = Thomas Hardy's View on Nature, Contained in his Novels

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The main purpose of this essay is to observe the descriptions about nature and its relations with characters in the novels of thomas Hardy. Thomas Hardy had wide knowledge of natural history, especially in and around the towns and cities in South Sussex. He was a keen, intellectual, and sensible explorer of natural environment; namely he could well observe every corner and place of heaths, plains, towns and cities. His main place of spiritual, writing residence was in the city of Casterbridge which is Dorchester in reality. His newly built residence, Max Gate, was in Dorchester, and also he used real names for some places as well as fictious names for many other places; for instance, a real name for Rainbarrow and Stonehenge in Sussex plain, some miles off the city of Casterbridge which is the fictious name for Dorchester.
Thomas Hardy attempted to express his writing philosophy that unhappy, disastrous and lamentable fate of every main character involved in his novels, almost all, is resulted, as it is from the external environment but also, more strongly, from his or her own internal personality, whether it is radically emptional or extremely weak.
Thomas Hardy's philosophy on nature is as follows: nature is actually neutral towards human being, actually it is indifferent and changeless towards people who reside in its boundary. Nature differs from human beings as it has its own life but no emotion and thinking which a man possesses. In brief, it can be said that nature never favours human beings with sympathy and merciful affection. If it is so understood, a conclusion comes to be that nature is a merciless companion with human being. It does not assist people living in and around its boundary. Only people con take advantage of nature's phenomena for their fate. Therefore, personality in each character, described in the novels of Thomas Hardy, is more important to decide whether it will be positively developed or negatively developed. Each character's fatalistic disaster seems to be rather enforced by the ill-fated, pagan, superstitious remains and lonely, horrible heaths which was the center place of Hardy's birth and early life. His environment of growth might have given a great influence on his future life in creative writing as a novelist.
After all, as a conclusion of this essay is to be that nature, as a whole, played as a bystander towards human being's fate, or rather its role was only a manipulator for the downfall of the characters' tragic fates in the novels of Thomas Hardy.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 序 論
• Ⅱ. 自然의 人間에 對한 暴惡性과 殘忍性
• Ⅲ. 結 論