선어말 어미 ‘-시-’의 양태 의미 = The Modal Meanings of the prefinal ending ‘-Si-’

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

A modality is a speaker's psychological attitude toward a proposition, and a sentence is divided into a proposition, which refers to the level at which truth and falsity are determined by descriptions of the world, and the speaker's attitude toward this proposition. In this study, we argue that the prefinal ending '-sh-', which is used for subject elevation and audience respect, can also express modality meaning through implication. The function of '-si-' cannot be understood only as a grammatical marker, but should be understood as a syntactic means of conveying different and distinct meanings that the speaker wants to convey in the discourse. To explain the use of '-sh-' in situations where the speaker is treating the other party negatively, it is necessary to assume that the speaker is conscious of or thinking of negative intentions to ridicule, intimidate, or belittle the listener. It also presupposes the speaker's belief that the listener will understand that the speaker's use of '-si-' is not a sign of respect for the listener, but a sign of negative intentions such as ridicule, intimidation, and contempt. In this study, we argue that the positive connotation of '-shi-' violates the order of the question, forcing the listener to infer the implication, and that the positive connotation occurs when the fixed connotation of '-shi-' is used as an antonym. In order to make the implication clear to the listener, the speaker intentionally uses '-si-' in a place where '-si-' should not be used to show prominence, thereby making an anaphoric use of the fixed implication of '-si-', the meaning of respecting the other person.