News in a new century : reporting in an age of converging media

목차 (Table of Contents)

• CONTENTS
• CHAPTER 1 Introduction = 1
• NEWS IS CHANGING = 1
• ABOUT THIS BOOK = 1
• WHERE STORIES BEGIN = 2
• BEAT REPORTING = 2
• CHAPTER 2 Finding and Framing Stories = 4
• NOTICING THE NEWS AROUND US = 5
• TARGETING AN ANGLE = 6
• THE NATURE OF NEWS = 6
• A DOZEN WAYS TO SEE THE WORLD = 8
• START WITH YOUR OWN EXPERIENCES = 8
• READ EVERYTHING = 8
• GO WANDERING = 9
• LEARNING FROM THE PROS FINDING ANGLES ONLINE = 10
• KEEP YOUR EATS OPEN = 10
• LOOK FROM A DIFFERENT POINT OF VIEW = 11
• MEASURE CHANGE = 11
• COMPARE AND CONTRAST = 12
• LOOK FOR THE LOCAL CONNECTION = 13
• GET AHEAD OF THE CURVE = 13
• LEARNING FROM THE PROS LOCALIZING NEWS = 14
• FOLLOW, FOLLOW, FOLLOW = 14
• ALWAYS ANSWER THE QUESTION, "WHY?" = 15
• BRAINSTORM = 15
• SUMMARY FINDING AN ANGLE = 16
• RECOMMENDED READING = 16
• EXERCISES = 17
• CHAPTER 3 A Day in the News = 19
• THE MORNING'S STORIES : SNOW AND MORE SNOW = 19
• MIDDAY : STORIES TAKE SHAPE = 22
• MIDAFTERNOON : IN SEARCH OF TOP STORIES = 25
• DEADLINE = 26
• EVENING : A STORY BREAKS = 27
• LEARNING FROM THE PROS REPORTING TIPS = 30
• RECOMMENDED READING = 30
• CHAPTER 4 Gathering Information = 32
• BACKGROUNDING = 32
• TOPICAL FILES = 33
• ETHICS ATTRIBUTION = 34
• CUPS AND ARCHIVES = 34
• NEWS SERVICES AND OTHER MEDIA = 34
• READY REFERENCES = 35
• BACKGROUNDING ON THE INTERNET = 35
• RESEARCHING IN DEPTH = 36
• SUMMARY BACKGROUNDING = 36
• INTERNET RESEARCH = 37
• CLIPBOARD = 39
• RESEARCH USING BOOKS AND DOCUMENTS = 40
• LEARNING FROM THE PROS ONLINE PRODUCING = 41
• THE LEGAL LINE PUBLIC RECORDS LAWS = 42
• ORIGINAL RESEARCH = 42
• DATABASES = 43
• LEARNING FROM THE PROS TRACING PEOPLE = 44
• LEARNING FROM THE PROS COMPILING DATABASES = 46
• COMPUTER-ASSISTED REPORTING = 46
• VALIDITY OF SOURCES = 47
• SUMMARY RESEARCHING = 48
• RECOMMENDED READING = 48
• EXERCISES = 49
• CHAPTER 5 Cultivating Sources = 51
• ANYONE CAN BE A SOURCE = 51
• ALL SOURCES AREN'T EQUAL = 52
• SOURCE VARIETY BUILDS BETTER STORIES = 52
• BUILDING SOURCE LISTS FROM SCRATCH = 53
• THE PSYCHOLOGY OF SOURCING = 53
• FINDING THE BEST SOURCES = 54
• FIND OUT WHO HAS BEEN INTERVIEWED BEFORE = 54
• BUILD A CONTACT LIST = 55
• REMEMBER THE PERSON AT THE NEXT DESK = 55
• PUBLIC RELATIONS PEOPLE CAN HELP = 55
• USE ONE EXPERT TO FIND OTHER EXPERTS = 55
• ONE SOURCE CAN OPEN DOORS TO ANOTHER = 56
• START LOCALLY, THEN LOOK BEYOND = 56
• FIND INSTANT HELP ONLINE = 5 6
• CLIPBOARD = 56
• LOOK FOR PEOPLE WHO LIVE THE STORY = 57
• TO GET THE BEST STUFF, DON'T START WITH THE BOSS = 57
• PUSH BEYOND YOUR OWN EXPERIENCE = 57
• DON'T RUN WITH THE TACK = 57
• HONESTY AND RESPECT GO A LONG WAY = 58
• SAVE TIME TO MEET NEW PEOPLE = 58
• GROUND RULES = 58
• THE IMPORTANCE OF ATTRIBUTION = 59
• ON THE RECORD = 59
• ETHICS ONE INTERNAL CRITIC'S VIEW = 60
• NOT FOR ATTRIBUTION = 60
• THE LEGAL LINE PROTECTING SOURCES, NOTES AND TAPES = 61
• OFF THE RECORD = 62
• SUMMARY CULTIVATING SOURCES = 62
• RECOMMENDED READING = 62
• EXERCISES = 63
• CHAPTER 6 Interviewing = 65
• GETTING READING TO INTERVIEW = 66
• KNOW HOW THINGS WORK = 66
• KNOW THE PURPOSE OF THE INTERVIEW = 66
• PLAN THE DIRECTION AND PACE OF THE INTERVIEW = 67
• CHOOSE THE INTERVIEW METHOD WITH CARE = 67
• CHOOSE A REVEALING LOCATION = 67
• GETTING THE INTERVIEW = 68
• KEEP CALLING = 68
• GET TO KNOW THE GUARDS = 68
• GET HELP IN PLEADING YOUR CASE = 69
• TTY AN END RUN = 69
• KEEP A FROM IN THE DOOR = 6 9
• JUST SHOW UP = 69
• LEARNING FROM THE PROS GETTING PEOPLE ON TAPE = 70
• IF YOUR SOURCE IS SKITTISH, CONSIDER SENDING A NOTE = 70
• GETTING GOOD ANSWERS = 70
• GETTING STARTED = 71
• STAYING IN CONTROL = 73
• LEARNING FROM THE PROS TOUGH INTERVIEWS = 75
• LEARNING FROM THE PROS TV INTERVIEWS = 77
• WRAPPING THINGS UP = 78
• SOTTING THINGS OUT = 79
• SPECIAL ISSUES = 79
• INTERVIEWING ACROSS CULTURAL LINES = 79
• LEARNING FROM THE PROS CROSS-CULTURAL REPORTING = 80
• TAKING NOTES = 81
• WHEN TAPE RECORDERS MAKE SENSE = 82
• THE LEGAL LINE TAPING INTERVIEWS = 82
• INTERVIEWING BY E-MAIL = 83
• INTERVIEWING ON LIVE TV = 83
• SUMMARY INTERVIEWING = 84
• RECOMMENDED READING = 84
• EXERCISES = 85
• CHAPTER 7 Using Your Senses = 87
• IMAGES = 87
• VISUAL IMAGES = 88
• SOUND IMAGES = 88
• WORD IMAGES = 88
• LOOK FOR THE DETAILS = 89
• LEARNING FROM THE PROS PICKING THE RIGHT DETAILS = 90
• LISTEN FOR DIALOGUE = 91
• REMEMBER THE SIXTH SENSE : PLACE = 92
• USING THE SENSES ON-LINE = 93
• BRING THE ROUTINE TO LIFE = 93
• SUMMARY USING YOUR SENSES = 94
• RECOMMENDED READING = 94
• EXERCISES = 95
• CHAPTER 8 Writing in a Different media = 96
• THE STORY OF A FAST-MOVING FIRE = 97
• THE STORY ON RADIO : KCBS-AM = 98
• RADIO WRITING TIPS = 99
• THE STORY ON TELEVISION : KNTV-TV = 102
• TELEVISION WRITING TIPS = 104
• THE STORY IN PRINT SAN JOSE MERCURY NEWS = 106
• PRINT WRITING TIPS = 108
• THE STORY ONLINE : MERCURY CENTER = 111
• WRITING FOR NEW MEDIA = 112
• BEYOND THE BASICS OF NEWS = 113
• HUMANIZING THE NEWS = 113
• RECONSTRUCTING EVENTS = 115
• ORGANIZING YOUR WRITING PROCESS = 116
• TEN STEPS TO THE BEST STORY = 117
• RECOMMENDED READING = 118
• EXERCISES = 119
• CHAPTER 9 Building a Beat = 121
• KNOW THE RULES = 121
• KNOW THE TERRITORY = 122
• CHAPTER 10 Civic Life = 125
• GETTING STARTED ON A CIVIC LIFE BEAT = 126
• LEARN THE TERRITORY = 126
• FIND OUTSIDERS WHO KNOW THE INNER WORKINGS = 126
• ABOUT PUBLIC JOURNALISM = 127
• GO WHERE THE ACTION IS = 127
• FOLLOW THE PAPER TRAIL = 127
• SUMMARY GETTING STARTED = 128
• DEVELOPING SOURCES = 128
• LAYERS INSIDE GOVERNMENT = 129
• LAYERS OUTSIDE GOVERNMENT = 130
• PEOPLE TO SEEK OUT = 131
• SOURCES INSIDE MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT = 131
• LEARNING FROM THE PROS CONNECTING WITH THE COMMUNITY = 132
• OTHER GOVERNMENT SOURCES = 133
• SOURCES OUTSIDE GOVERNMENT = 133
• ETHICS CONFLICT OF INTEREST = 135
• SOURCES ON THE NET = 135
• THINGS TO READ = 136
• BACKGROUND MATERIAL = 136
• BASIC DOCUMENTS = 136
• WEB SITES = 137
• CLIPBOARD = 138
• BASIC STORIES = 139
• STORIES FROM NEWS RELEASES = 139
• SUMMARY STORIES FROM PRESS RELEASES = 140
• MEETING STORIES = 141
• THE LEGAL LINE OPEN MEETINGS = 142
• SUMMARY MEETING STORIES = 143
• BUDGET STORIES = 144
• LEARNING FROM THE PROS READING A BUDGET = 145
• WORKING OUT WHAT RESIDENTS WILL PAY = 146
• SUMMARY BUDGET STORIES = 146
• AUDIT STORIES = 147
• SUMMARY AUDIT STORIES = 148
• WRITING ABOUT BIDS AND CONTRACTS = 148
• SUMMARY BIDS AND CONTRACT STORIES = 149
• COVERING POLITICS = 149
• THE HORSE RACE = 150
• COVERING THE ISSUES = 151
• FOLLOWING CAMPAIGN MONEY = 152
• ELECTION RESULTS = 153
• SUMMARY COVERING POLITICS = 154
• ENTERPRISE STORIES = 154
• FINDING STORIES AT STREET LEVEL = 154
• LOOKING AT THE IMPACT OF GOVERNMENT ACTION = 155
• KEEPING GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS ACCOUNTABLE = 156
• CAR AND CIVIC LIFE = 157
• SUMMARY ENTERPRISE STORIES = 157
• TRACKING PATTERNS = 158
• LOCALIZING = 158
• RECOMMENDED READING = 159
• EXERCISES = 159
• CHAPTER 11 Lifestyles = 162
• COVERING GENERATIONS = 163
• ON THE TEEN BEAT = 163
• LEARNING FROM THE PROS TIPS FOR TALKING TO TEENS = 164
• ON THE AGING BEAT = 165
• SUMMARY COVERING TEENS = 165
• MAKING SENSE OF DEMOGRAPHICS = 167
• SUMMARY COVERING AGING = 169
• COVERING DIVERSE POPULATIONS = 169
• THE LESSONS OF ONE PROJECT = 169
• USING RACIAL IDENTIFIERS = 170
• STEPPING OUTSIDE OUT COMFORT ZONES = 171
• LEARNING FROM THE PROS HOW TO REPORT ABOUT DIVERSE POPULATIONS = 172
• USING THE INTERNET TO COVER DIVERSE POPULATIONS = 173
• SUMMARY COVERING DIFFERENCE = 174
• COVERING LEISURE = 174
• LEISURE IS BIG BUSINESS, BIG NEWS = 175
• CHANGING TRENDS MAKE NEWS, TOO = 175
• THINGS TO READ, PEOPLE TO SEEK OUT = 176
• ONE LEISURE REPORTER'S SYSTEM AND SECRETS = 177
• GENESIS OF A STORY = 178
• MASTERING THE BASIC STORY = 178
• SUMMARY COVERING LEISURE = 179
• CLIPBOARD = 180
• COVERING RELATIONSHIPS = 180
• ONE BEAT, VARIED PERSPECTIVES = 181
• LEARNING FROM THE PROS INTERVIEWING VULNERABLE SUBJECTS = 181
• THINGS TO READ, PEOPLE TO SEEK OUT = 182
• SUMMARY COVERING RELATIONSHIPS = 183
• COVERING SPIRITUALITY AND ETHICS = 183
• BEYOND THE RELIGION PAGE = 183
• A FRESH TAKE ON TRADITION = 184
• BRINGING RELIGION TO THE TV SCREEN = 184
• TOMORROW'S REPORTER = 185
• SETTING A NEW STANDARD = 185
• TIPS ON TERMS FOR THE SPIRITUALITY AND ETHICS BEAT = 186
• PEOPLE TO SEEK OUT = 185
• ETHICS VERIFYING LINKS = 187
• THINGS TO READ = 187
• SUMMARY COVERING SPIRITUALITY AND ETHICS = 188
• RECOMMENDED READING = 188
• EXERCISES = 189
• CHAPTER 12 Learning = 192
• PEOPLE TO SEEK OUT = 192
• GOVERNING BOARDS = 193
• STAFF AND TEACHERS = 194
• PARENTS = 194
• COMMUNITY SOURCES = 195
• ETHICS TRUSTING SOURCES = 195
• STUDENTS = 196
• ETHICS INTERVIEWING STUDENTS = 197
• MISCELLANEOUS SOURCES = 198
• THINGS TO READ = 198
• PUBLICATIONS = 198
• NEWSLETTERS = 199
• MINUTES AND OTHER DOCUMENTS = 199
• INTERNET RESOURCES = 200
• CLIPBOARD = 200
• REFERENCE WORKS = 201
• BASIC STORIES = 201
• PERFORMANCE STORIES = 201
• ETHICS HOW TO SPIN NUMBERS = 202
• SUMMARY PERFORMANCE = 203
• MONEY STORIES = 203
• SUMMARY MONEY = 205
• STORIES ABOUT TEACHING METHODS = 205
• SUMMARY TEACHING METHODS = 206
• STORIES ABOUT SAFETY = 207
• SUMMARY SAFETY STORIES = 208
• ENTERPRISE STORIES = 209
• GETTING INSIDE THE STORY = 209
• ETHICS REPORTER INVOLVEMENT = 209
• USING NUMBERS TO FIND HIDDEN STORIES = 210
• TRACKING TRENDS = 211
• SUMMARY ENTERPRISE STORIES = 212
• RECOMMENDED READING = 212
• EXERCISES = 213
• CHAPTER 13 Crime and Safety = 215
• ETHICS NEWS JUDGMENT AND CRIME = 216
• PEOPLE TO SEEK OUT = 217
• POLICE = 217
• ETHICS ESTABLISHING TRUST WITH POLICE = 218
• OTHER OFFICIAL SOURCES = 218
• WHOM DO I CALL? = 219
• VICTIMS AND WITNESSES = 219
• ETHICS RIGHTS OF CRIME VICTIMS AND SURVIVORS = 220
• DEFENDANTS = 220
• OTHER SOURCES = 220
• WATCHWORDS = 221
• SUMMARY CRIME SOURCES = 221
• THINGS TO READ = 222
• POLICE REPORTS = 222
• WHERE CAN I GO? WHAT CAN I GET? = 222
• OTHER CRIME-RELATED REPORTS = 223
• DIGITAL CONNECTIONS = 223
• CLIPBOARD = 223
• CRIME AND SAFETY REPORTING ONLINE = 224
• SUMMARY CRIME REPORTS = 225
• BASIC STORIES = 225
• THE CRIME STORY = 225
• CAPTURING THE DRAMATIC MOMENT = 226
• THE ACCIDENT STORY = 227
• THE FIRE . STORY = 228
• THE LEGAL LINE LIBEL AND PRIVACY = 229
• ENTERPRISE STORIES = 230
• BUILDING FROM BASIC STORIES = 230
• FINDING NEW VIEWPOINTS = 230
• SUMMARY ENTERPRISE REPORTING = 231
• RECOMMENDED READING = 232
• EXERCISES = 232
• CHAPTER 14 Justice = 235
• PEOPLE TO SEEK OUT = 236
• ATTORNEYS = 236
• JUDGES = 237
• COURT EMPLOYEES = 237
• OTHER SOURCES = 237
• WATCHWORDS = 238
• THINGS TO READ = 238
• CRIMINAL COURT RECORDS = 238
• SUMMARY CRIMINAL CASE RECORDS = 239
• CIVIL COURT RECORDS = 239
• SUMMARY CIVIL CASE RECORDS = 239
• ELECTRONIC CONNECTIONS = 240
• CLIPBOARD = 240
• WHERE CAN I GO? WHAT CAN I GET = 241
• BASIC STORIES = 241
• CRIMINAL COURT STORIES = 241
• ETHICS PREJUDICIAL REPORTING = 242
• SUMMARY CRIMINAL COURT STORIES = 244
• CIVIL COURT STORIES = 244
• SUMMARY CIVIL COURT STORIES = 246
• ENTERPRISE STORIES = 246
• DOES THE SYSTEM WORK? = 247
• IS THE SYSTEM FAIR? = 247
• THE LEGAL LINE FREE PRESS, FAIR TRIAL = 248
• RECOMMENDED READING = 249
• EXERCISES = 249
• CHAPTER 15 Consumers = 251
• PEOPLE TO SEEK OUT = 252
• TIPSTERS = 252
• CONSUMER ORGANIZATIONS = 252
• NAMES TO KNOW = 253
• GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES = 254
• TRADE AND PROFESSIONAL ORGANIZATIONS = 254
• WHERE DO I GO? = 255
• THINGS TO READ = 255
• GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS = 255
• ELECTRONIC AND PRINT RESOURCES = 256
• CLIPBOARD = 257
• BASIC STORIES = 257
• PRODUCT COMPARISONS = 257
• ETHICS CONFLICT OF INTEREST = 258
• SUMMARY PRODUCT COMPARISONS = 258
• SCAMS = 259
• SUMMARY CHECKLIST FOR A SCAM STORY = 260
• HOW-TO STORIES = 260
• SUMMARY HOW-TO STORIES = 261
• ENTERPRISE STORIES = 262
• ETHICS HIDDEN CAMERAS = 263
• SUMMARY ENTERPRISE REPORTING = 263
• RECOMMENDED READING = 264
• EXERCISES = 264
• CHAPTER 16 Working = 266
• PEOPLE TO SEEK OUT = 267
• WORKERS AND FORMER WORKERS = 267
• MANAGEMENT = 268
• BUSINESS-RELATED GROUPS = 268
• ETHICS CONFLICT OF INTEREST = 269
• CUSTOMERS = 269
• ETHICS ACCEPTING GIFTS = 269
• COMPETITORS = 270
• GOVERNMENT SOURCES = 270
• FINANCIAL EXPERTS = 270
• THINGS TO READ = 271
• MEDIA = 271
• COMPANY PUBLICATIONS = 271
• LEARNING FROM THE PROS SLEUTHING THROUGH BUSINESS REPORTS = 272
• BUSINESS REPORTS TO GOVERNMENT = 272
• GOVERNMENT REPORTS = 273
• BOOKS, DATABASES AND INTERNET RESOURCES = 273
• LEARNING FROM THE PROS UNDERSTANDING SEC DOCUMENTS = 274
• CLIPBOARD = 275
• BASIC STORIES = 275
• THE TAPE MEASURE STORY = 275
• SUMMARY TAPE MEASURE STORY = 276
• THE COMPANY CHANGE STORY = 277
• SUMMARY COMPANY CHANGE STORY = 278
• THE NEW BUSINESS STORY = 278
• SUMMARY NEW BUSINESS STORY = 279
• THE PROFILE STORY = 280
• THE NEGOTIATIONS STORY = 280
• SUMMARY PROFILE STORY = 281
• SUMMARY NEGOTIATIONS STORY = 282
• ENTERPRISE STORIES = 282
• TREND STORIES = 283
• PERFORMANCE STORIES = 283
• SUMMARY ENTERPRISE STORIES = 284
• ANALYSIS AND HISTORY = 284
• RECOMMENDED READING = 284
• EXERCISES = 285
• CHAPTER 17 New Frontiers : Science, Health and the Environment = 287
• PEOPLE TO SEEK OUT = 288
• GETTING STARTED = 288
• SCIENTIFIC AND MEDICAL EXPERTS = 288
• LEARNING FROM THE PROS GETTING GOOD QUOTES = 289
• PATIENT CONDITIONS = 290
• PEOPLE TO THE FIELD AND ON THE FLOOR = 290
• GOVERNMENT WORKERS = 290
• TRADE GROUPS AND ORGANIZATIONS = 291
• REGULATORY SOURCES = 291
• ETHICISTS = 292
• WHERE DO I GO? = 292
• ETHICS NEWS JUDGMENT = 293
• THINGS TO READ = 293
• BOOKS = 294
• JOURNALS AND MAGAZINES = 294
• PUBLIC RELATIONS PACKETS = 295
• DIGITAL CONNECTIONS = 295
• ETHICS USING MEDIA PACKERS = 295
• CLIPBOARD = 296
• BASIC STORIES = 297
• STORIES ABOUT RESEARCH REPORTS = 297
• SUMMARY RESEARCH REPORTS = 298
• REGULATION STORIES = 299
• SUMMARY REGULATIONS = 300
• STORIES ABOUT HAZARDS AND OUTBREAKS = 300
• LEARNING FROM THE PROS REPORTING ON RISKS = 300
• SUMMARY HAZARDS AND OUTBREAKS = 301
• CONSUMER HEALTH STORIES = 301
• SUMMARY CONSUMER HEALTH = 302
• ENTERPRISE STORIES = 303
• CAPTURING SCIENCE AT WORK = 303
• LEARNING FROM THE PROS WRITING FOR THE NEW FRONTIERS = 304
• SCIENCE AND PUBLIC POLICY = 304
• LEARNING FROM THE PROS TIME FOR ENTERPRISE = 305
• PROMISE VS. PERFORMANCE = 306
• SUMMARY ENTERPRISE REPORTING = 306
• RECOMMENDED READING = 307
• EXERCISES = 307
• APPENDIX A An Internet Primer = 309
• APPENDIX B The 3-T List : Reporter Research Resources = 311
• APPENDIX C Sample Crime Reports = 314
• APPENDIX D News Organizations That Appear in This Book = 319
• GLOSSARY = 322
• INDEX = 327