대추나무 ‘천황’의 수령에 따른 과실품질과 수확량 = Fruit Characteristics and Yield according to the Age of “Cheonhwang” Jujube Trees (Zizyphus jujuba var. inermis)

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

In this study, basic data were obtained to determine the optimal cultivation method to achieve stable fruiting and yield increase in “Cheonhwang” jujube trees. Accordingly, thefructification, fruit characteristics, and yield according to tree age were analyzed. The mean (and range of) tree height, crown area, stem diameter near the root, clear stem length, number of main branches, and distance between main branches were 235.6 (217.4–253.8) cm, 3.5 (3.1–4.1) m2, 5.5 (4.0–7.1) cm, 70.6 (66.2–72.7) cm, 9.7 (8.6–10.5), and 10.4 (7.9–14.2) cm, respectively. Correlationanalysis results indicated that tree age was positively correlated with crown area, stem diameter near the root, and clear stem length but not with the number of main branches. The mean number (and range) of fruit per fruit-bearing mother shoot and tree were 18.3 (16.7–18.3) and 170.7 (157.9–178.3), respectively. Tree age was not significantlycorrelated with fruiting characteristics (i.e., the numbers of fruit-bearing mother shoots per main branch, fruit-bearing shoots per fruit-bearing mother shoot, fruit per fruit-bearing shoot, and fruit per tree). Given that the shape of jujube trees is constantly managed according to the growing area and greenhouse type, the tree growth characteristics were more affected by tree manage- ment techniques than by tree age. The mean (and range of) fruit weight, fruit hardness, and soluble solid content were 28.6 (27.7–30.3) g, 29.4 (28.5–30.4) N, and 20.4 (19.3–21.0) °brix, respectively, and these fruit characteristics were not significantly correlated with tree age.The average yield per tree of the ‘Cheonhwang’ jujube cultivar was 4.9 (4.8–5.0) kg, which was not significantly correlated with tree age.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 대추나무 ‘천황’ 품종의 안정적인 결실과 수확량 증진 등 재배관리기술 기초자료를 확보하기 위해 수령(3∼7년생)에 따른 생육특성, 과실특성, 결실특성, 수확량 등을 분석하였다. ‘천황’ 품종의 평균 수고와, 수관면적, 근원경, 지하고, 주지수, 주지간거리는 각각 235.9 cm(217.4∼253.8 cm), 3.5 m2(3.1∼4.1 m2), 5.5 cm(4.0∼7.1 cm), 70.6 cm(66.2 ∼72.7 cm), 9.7개(8.6∼10.5개), 10.4 cm(7.9∼14.2 cm)인 것으로 나타났다. 상관분석 결과, 수령과 수관면적, 근원경, 지하고는 정의 상관을 보인 반면, 주지수는 음의 상관을 나타냈다. 결과모지 및 본당 평균 과실수는 각각 17.5개(16.7∼18.3개) 와 170.7개(157.9∼178.3개)로 나타났다. 수령 간에 결실특성(주지당 결과모지수, 결과모지당 결과지수, 결과지당 과실수, 본당 과실수)은 뚜렷한 차이가 없었는데, 이는 생육면적과 하우스 형태에 맞춰 수형을 일정한 크기로 관리하기 때문으로판단된다. 평균 과중, 경도, 당도는 각각 28.6 g(27.7∼30.3 g), 29.4 N(28.5∼30.4 N)과 20.4 °brix(19.3∼21.0 °brix)이었으며, 수령 간에 뚜렷한 차이는 없었다. ‘천황’ 품종 재배시 기대할 수 있는 본당 평균 수확량은 4.9 kg(4.8∼5.0 kg)으로, 수령에 따른 차이는 없는 것으로 분석되었다.

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