칸트의 비판철학과 기독교적 교양교육: 자율적 인격형성의 도덕적 원리 = Immanuel Kant’s Critical Philosophy and Christian Liberal Arts Education: The Moral Principle for Autonomous Personality Formation

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study presents Immanuel Kant’s Critical Philosophy as a practical foundation for a Christian liberal arts education. In contemporary society, where AI technology is advancing and moral dogmatism is deepening, its objective is to encourage the moral and autonomous development of individuals and to foster ethical maturity in order to put love for one's neighbour into practice. Kant’s‘critique’ is a process of Reflection, whereby finite human reason explores its own capacities and limitations. This serves as the basis for cultivating epistemological humility against intellectual arrogance. In particular, presented in On Pedagogy (Über Pädagogik), the liberal education stage, requires the entire critique process—self-questioning, self-thinking, and self-acting —following the stages of nurture (Verpflegung) and discipline (Disziplin). From a Christian educational perspective, the liberal curriculum cultivates the rational capacity for autonomy by identifying and determining the reasons for actions. This acts as a crucial mechanism for training practical thought based on faith. The principle of moral freedom, 'autonomy', is the self-legislating state of the will that exercises good will, free from heteronomy. . Liberal arts education has the mission to develop this autonomous capacity, enabling students to realize their ability (Können) for fulfil moral duty (Sollen) and guiding them to grow into moral agents who respect the human community.
The liberal arts education based on Kant's critical spirit activates reflective judgment and awakens moral sentiment, leading to the internalization of the value of duty. This type of education provides students with the tools they need to develop into autonomous moral personalities capable of fulfilling their moral responsibilities. The liberal arts curriculum, which targets autonomy, responsibility and consideration for others simultaneously, serves as an ethical bulwark against the moral ambiguity—the “grey zones”—of modern society, and ultimately it establishes the practical principles and meaning of Christian liberal arts education.