나가사키방언의 외래어 악센트에 관한 연구 -최적성이론에 의한 분석- = A Study of Loanword Accents in Nagasaki Japanese -Analysis through Optimality Theory-

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The loanword accent of the Nagasaki Japanese regularly corresponds to the accent of the Tokyo Japanese. This can be thought to be due to the fact that the loanword of the Nagasaki Japanese came through the Tokyo Japanese and imitated the accent of the Tokyo Japanese. This study uses the accent of the Tokyo Japanese as the underlying accent of the Nagasaki Japanese, and attempts to explain the correspondence between the two dialects in the framework of Optimality Theory.
Unaccented words of the Tokyo Japanese also appear as unaccented words in the Nagasaki Japanese, which can be explained due to the faithfulness constraint Dep(accent), which prohibits the insertion of accents. If the accent is located within the second mora in a loanword with three or more morae in the Tokyo Japanese, the accent is located on the second mora in the Nagasaki Japanese. In the Nagasaki Japanese, the constraint LeftMost, which requires that the head foot is located at the left end of the prosodic word, and the constraint RhType=I, which requires Iambic foot, dominate the constraint NoFlop(accent), which prohibits accent shift, so the word initial accent of the loanword in Tokyo Japanese appears at the second mora in the Nagasaki Japanese. For loanwords with three or more morae, if the accent is located outside the second mora in the Tokyo Japanese, it appears an unaccentedness in the Nagasaki Japanese. In this study, this phenomenon is explained by adoption the faithfulness constraint NoFlop(HdFt), which prohibits shifting of the head foot. In the Nagasaki Japanese, the constraints LeftMost and NoFlop(HdFt), dominate the constraint Max(accent), which prohibits the insertion of accents. Therefore if the underlying accent is located outside of the second mora, the accent is deleted and appears as an unaccentedness despite the violation of the constraint Max(accent).

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