Revelation or Reason? The Different Perspectives on Church Polity Between Thomas Cartwright and Richard Hooker

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 소고는 잉글란드 튜더왕조부터 스튜워트 왕조 당대에 활동하였던 장로교와 성공회의 교회정치에 대한 유사점과 차이점을 당대 대변인들이었던 토마스 카트라이트와 리차드 후커를 중심으로 분석하고 있다. 교회정치론에 대한 장로교주의와 성공회주의의 가장 두드러진 차이점으로서, 먼저 장로교는 성경이 모든 인간의 행동과 교회 조직체에 대한 진정한 모델을 제시하고 있다고 주장함에 반하여, 성공회는 성경은 교회 정치에 대한 구체적인 대안을제시하기 보다는 오히려 구원에 관련된 총 주제들을 다루고 있으며 자연법 사상까지 담고 있다고 강조하였다. 특히 성공회주의의 대변자이자 설계가인 토마스 후커는 교회의 조직 및 구성에 관한 문제는 구원론의 영역을 넘어선 인간의 경험과 필요성에 근거한 내용임을 주장하였다. 따라서 그는 교회조직 및 정치는 교회의 편리성과 유용성을 고려하여 제정해야 하며 다양한 경험과 유용성은 교회 정부의 다양한 형태를 구축하기 위한 적절한 도구라고 강조하였다. 교회 정치에 대한 카트라이트와 후커는 이성과 같은 인간의 본질에 대한 견해 차이를 가지고 있었다. 성공회는 이성을 하나님의 의지를 분별할 수 있는 매우 유용한 방법으로 해석하였다. 이에 근거하여 후커는 인간의 이성과 성경은 상호의존적이며 상보적임을 강하게 주장한 반면에, 카트라이트는 인간의 전적 타락 상태는 너무도 심각하고 철저하여 인간의 이성적 능력은 불충분함을 역설하였다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This research challenges to Analyze the difference of church government between Presbyterian and Anglican in the eras of Tudor and Stuarts in England by research on Thomas Cartwright and Richard Hooker. The prime point of difference between Presbyterianism and Anglicanism was that Presbyterian conceived that the Scriptures revealed a model for church organization and for all human behavior, whereas Anglican understood the Scriptures as an authority for all things pertaining to redemption, but composed of many natural law. In particular, the architect of Anglican, Hooker regarded the form of the church as a matter beyond salvation s jurisdiction, and hence liable to considerations of expediency, so that experience and convenience were the appropriate yardsticks for a viable form of church government. Besides, one of the discrepancies between Cartwright and Hooker was in the understanding of human nature such as reason. Anglican understood that reason provided a way to define God s will. On this basis, Hooker was able to argue forcibly for the complete complementarity and interdependence of reason and Scripture, But Cartwright insisted that the total depravity of humanity was far more complete and thoroughgoing so that every faculty was deficient.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. Introduction Ⅱ. The First Admonition - Presbyterian Church Government Ⅲ. Of The Laws - Anglican’s Church Polity Ⅳ. The Crucial Issues of Difference between Presbyterian and Anglican Ⅴ. Conclusion

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