京畿地域 國債報償運動에 관한 연구

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Even though ‘the raising funds movement to repay the national debt to Japan’(the National Fund Raising Movement; Kuk’chae Posang Un’dong) have started in Kyongsang Province, there were wider participants and more funds raised in Kyongki Provincial area through the activities of Sinsang Company in Inchon Port and Tan’yon Union as well as many fund raising offices. Kyongki Province located in the center of the peninsular; therefore, people in this area exposed to political changes and, at the same time, experienced foreign exploitation more than any other provinces in Korea since the Kanghwa Treaty of 1876. For those reasons, Kyongki Province became the traditional center of the Korean anti-Japanese sentiment and in Yangkun-kun and. Pochon-kun of Kyongki Province the earliest righteous army resistance started. The tradition continuted when the leaders of Kiho Hunghak’hoi in Kwangju and other places actively participated in the National Fund Raising Movement by advocation nationalism to regain the independence.
According to the reports of Korea Daily News(Thehan Meilshinbo) and Capital Gazette(Hwangsongshin’mun) concerning the funds raising, Yangkun-kun raised funds most and Kwnagju-kun, Yangju-kun, and Pungdok-kun followed. Local funds raising activities and participation reflected strong collective manners while schools, business firms and religious institutions became the centers for the movement. Newspapers also participated in this nationwide movement. Korea Daily News and Capital Gazette reported the lists of donators with amount daily. According to the lists, people in Kyongki Province most actively participated in this movement. Women in Kyongki Province also played active role by organized activities compared to other areas. The organizations such as Kuk’mi Chuksong’hoi in Inchon, Funds Raising Office in Komdan-myon, Kimpo-kun, Funds Raising Office for Women in Chang’to-dong, Ansong and Pu’in Uisong’hoi in Namyang-kun were good example for the organized activities of women in Kyongki Province of the funds raising. The founders of Pu’in Uisong’hoi were the enlightened and modernized women who became the active participants for the funds raising movement and also organized Education Association for Women to provide modern education for women in this area.
The National Funds Raising Movement was launched to repay 13million won to Japan to stop Japanese economic exploitation and to preserve Korea’s national independence in 1907. Therefore it was one of the most important patriotic enlightenment movement in Korean history. Also, this movement was the popular movement to display Korean patriotism regardless the social and economic differences. Especially, participation of women in the funds raising movement was significant for the expansion of women’s rights in general because traditionally they were not allowed to play important role in the society. The movement failed because of the strong reactions from the Japanese authority; however, it was one of the most significant nationalistic movement to demonstrate Korean people’s patriotism in and out of the country.