韩汉建筑类词汇的隐喻和转喻对比研究——以담/벽和墙/壁的语义拓展为例 = A comparative study on metaphor and metonymy of Korean and Chinese architectural words ― Take the semantic expansion of 담/벽 and 墻/壁 as an example

국문 초록 (Abstract)

认知语言学研究表明一词多义现象是通过人类认知手段由一个词的中心意义向其他意义延伸的过程，是人类认知范畴和概念化的结果。多义词是多个范畴之间的交叉。对多义现象的探索即是要解释同一词表示不同范畴之间的投射关系。墙/壁的本义是指一种由砖、石、混凝土等材料构成的建筑的外围部分，用于分隔空间、遮风挡雨、保温隔热等。除本义外，墙/壁衍生出了一系列引申义。可以表示某些物体上作用像围墙的部分，如井壁、细胞壁。还可以用来指抽象层面的障碍或隔阂，如撞南墙、碰壁。此外，壁可以指像墙那样直立的山石，如绝壁、峭壁。“담/벽”在韩语中也衍生出一系列引申义。本文以认知语言学领域的范畴化、意象图式、隐喻和转喻理论作为理论基础，对“墙/壁”和“담/벽”在词义拓展过程中的隐喻和转喻现象进行对比分析，以期为认知对比语言学及韩汉语言教学研究提供浅薄的实例支持。

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Cognitive linguistic research shows that polysemy is the process of extending from the central meaning of a word to other meanings through human cognitive means, and is the result of human cognitive categories and conceptualization. Polysemy is the intersection between multiple categories. The exploration of polysemy is to explain the projective relationship between different categories represented by the same word. The original meaning of wall refers to the peripheral part of a building made of bricks, stones, concrete and other materials. It is used to separate spaces, protect from wind and rain, and maintain heat and insulation. In addition to its original meaning, wall has derived a series of extended meanings. It can represent the parts of some objects that act like walls, such as well walls, boiler walls, and cell walls. It can also be used to refer to obstacles or barriers at an abstract level. In addition, wall can refer to upright rocks like walls, such as cliffs. This study uses the categorization, image schema, metaphor and metonymy theories in the field of cognitive linguistics as the theoretical basis to conduct a comparative analysis of the metaphor and metonymy phenomena of "墻/壁" and "담/벽" in the process of word meaning expansion.  in order to provide simple example support for cognitive contrastive linguistics and Korean-Chinese language teaching research.