바닷모래 채취에 따른 퇴적물 입도 조성 변화에 대한 적정지표 타당성 검토 = Feasibility Study of Appropriate Indicator for Sediments Composition Changes Due to Marine Sand Mining

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The appropriate indicator was calculated by identifying changes in the composition of sediment due to marine sand mining in the Western and Southern Sea EEZ marine sand mining areas. In the Southern EEZ area, the sediment composition was maintained at a constant composition ratio in the control sites, and the mud content was found to increase in the mining sites. This seems to be caused by anthropogenic activities such as marine sand mining rather than having influenced by a natural effect. In the Western EEZ area, sediment composition did not show rapid granulation or fine-graining in the control sites and mining sites, and the sand content remained unchanged at over 85% in all areas. To establish a indicator for changes in the sediment composition of the control sites and mining sites, the degree of similarity was identified through Mahalanobis analysis. As a result of the similarity analysis in the Southern EEZ area, the similarity is low regardless of the mining period and resting period, which means the composition of the sediments changed by the marine sand mining is not being restored. As a result of the similarity analysis in the Western EEZ area, it was found that the sediments remained and distributed in a similar composition even during the marine sand mining period and the resting period.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

남해와 서해 EEZ 골재채취 해역에서 바닷모래 채취에 따른 퇴적물 입도 조성 변화를 파악하여 적합한 적정지표를 산정하였다. 남해 EEZ 골재채취 해역의 퇴적물 입도 조성 분포는 대조구의 경우 일정한 구성비를 유지하고 있으며, 채취광구에서는 펄(Mud : silt+clay) 함량이 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 자연적인 영향보다는 바닷모래 채취와 같은 인위적 행위의 영향으로 판단된다. 서해 EEZ 골재채취 해역의 퇴적물 입도 조성 분포는 대조구 및 채취광구에서 급격한 조립화 또는 세립화가 나타나지 않았으며, 전 지역에서 모래함량이 85% 이상으로 변화 없이 유지되었다. 대조구와 채취광구의 퇴적물 입도 조성 변화에 대한 적정지표 설정을 위해 마할라노비스 분석을 통해 유사도를 파악하였다. 남해 EEZ 골재채취 해역의 유사도 분석 결과 채취 기간과 휴지기에 상관없이 낮은 유사도를 보이며, 이는 바닷모래 채취로 인해 변경된 해저퇴적물 입도 조성이 회복되지 않고 있음을 의미한다. 서해 EEZ 골재채취 해역의 유사도 분석 결과 바닷모래 채취 기간 및 휴지기에서도 유사한 퇴적물 입도 조성으로 잔존되어 분포하는 것으로 나타났다.

참고문헌 (Reference)

• 1 김백운 ; 이상호 ; 양재삼, "서해 배타적경제수역(EEZ)내 해사채취구역의 지형변화" 한국지구과학회 26 (26): 836-843, 2005
• 2 양재삼 ; 정용훈 ; 지광희, "서해 EEZ 해역에서 바다모래 채굴에 민감한 해양수질인자들" 한국해양학회 13 (13): 1-14, 2008
• 3 손규희 ; 한경남, "경기만의 해사채취에 의한 생물군집 구조변동" 한국해양과학기술원 29 (29): 205-216, 2007
• 4 유옥환 ; 김동성 ; 이형곤 ; 이재학, "경기만에서 해사채취가 대형저서동물 군집구조에 미치는 영향" 한국해양과학기술원 28 (28): 129-144, 2006
• 5 금병철 ; 신동혁 ; 장남도 ; 정섬규 ; 장석 ; 오재경, "경기만 남부에 발달된 해저지형의 형태적 특징 및 해사채취에 의한 변화" 한국해양과학기술원 32 (32): 337-350, 2010
• 6 Pearce, B., "The significance of benthic communities for higher levels of the marine foodweb at aggregate dredge sites using the ecosystem approach"
• 7 Newell, R. C., "The impact of dredging works in coastal waters : A review of the sensitivity to disturbance and subsequent recovery of biological resources on the sea bed" 36 : 127-178, 1998
• 8 Waye-Barker, G. A., "The effects of marine sand and gravel extraction on the sediment composition and macrofaunal community of a commercial dredging site(15 years post-dredging)" 99 : 207-215, 2015
• 9 Boyd, S. E., "The effects of marine sand and gravel extraction on the macrobenthos at a commercial dredging site(results 6 years postdredging)" 62 : 145-162, 2005
• 10 Cho, D. H., "The Demand-Supply Situation and Management Plan for Marine Sand" Korea Maritime Institute 40-92, 2003
• 11 Desprez, M., "Suivi des impacts de l’extraction de granulats marins. Synthese des connaissances 2012 (GIS SIEGMA)"
• 12 Choi, J. H., "Study on erosion cause analysis and implication" 19 (19): 3-18, 2012
• 13 Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs, "Study for Environment-friendly Management Plan of Marine Sand Extraction Areas. Final Report" 26-41, 2009
• 14 Cooper, K. M., "Setting limits for acceptable change in sediment particle size composition following marine aggregate dredging" 64 : 1667-1677, 2012
• 15 Cooper, K. M., "Recovery of the seabed following marine aggregate dredging on the Hastings Shingle Bank" 75 : 547-558, 2007
• 16 Cefas, "Preliminary investigation of the sensitivity of fish to sound generated by aggregate dredging and marine construction"
• 17 Hitchcock, D. R., "Physical Impacts of Marine Aggregate Dredging on Seabed Resources in Coastal Deposits" 20 (20): 101-114, 2004
• 18 Newell, R. C., "Organic enrichment associated with outwash from marine aggregates dredging : A probable explanation for surface sheens and enhanced benthic production in the vicinity of dredging operations" 38 (38): 809-818, 1999
• 19 Le Bot, S., "Morphological and sedimentary impacts and recovery on a mixed sandy to pebbly seabed exposed to marine aggregate extraction (Eastern English Channel, France)" 89 : 221-233, 2010
• 20 Daskalov, G. M., "Modelling possible food-effects of aggregate dredging in the Eastern English Channel" Cefas 65-, 2011
• 21 Min, G. O., "Impacts of sand mining activity on the marine environment and fishery resources in Kyeonggi Bay, Korea" Inha University 2004
• 22 Duclos, P. A., "Impacts morpho-sedimentaires de l’extraction de granulats sur les fonds marins de la Manche orientale"
• 23 KMI, "Estimates of the Economic Cost to Coastal Erosion due to Marine Sand Extraction" Korea Maritime Institute 20-26, 2006
• 24 Van Dalfsen, J. A., "Differential response of macrozoobenthos to marine sand extraction in the North Sea and the Western Mediterranean" 57 : 1439-1445, 2000
• 25 Desprez, M., "Biological impact of overflowing sands around a marine aggregate extraction site:Dieppe (eastern English Channel)" 67 : 270-277, 2010
• 26 Jo, D. O., "A study on the current status of marine sand supply and demand and management plan" Korea Meritime Institure 2003
• 27 Cooper, K.M., "A big data approach to macrofaunal baseline assessment, monitoring and sustainable exploitation of the seabed" 7 : 2017