평생교육에서의 참여연구의 기원과 발전 = Participatory Research in Lifelong Education : Its Origin and Development in Korea

국문 초록 (Abstract)

국제성인교육협회(ICAE: International Association for Adult Education)가 전문학술지인 Convergence를 통해 1978년 공식적으로 정립, 선포한 사회과학연구방법으로서의 참여연구(participatory research)는, 1980년대에 접어들어 사회를 실제적으로 변화시키는 주요 실천 연구방법으로서 확산 보급되기 시작하였다. 이 논문은 이러한 참여연구의 기원과 연구방법 및 그 수행 과정이 지니는 특성과 평생교육적 의미들을 간략히 살펴보고 이러한 참여연구가 국내에 언제 어떻게 도입이 되고 또 실제로 적용이 되어 왔는지 그 사례 및 기록들을 연대별로 살펴보는 연혁적 서술이다. 따라서 본 논문은 참여연구가 평생교육/사회교육의 중요한 방법으로 인정이 되고 있음에 초점을 맞추고, 1970년대 후반으로부터 2012년에 이르는 동안 아시아태평양지역 성인교육협회(ASPBAE: Asia/Pacific Bureau of Adult Education), 아시아 참여연구학회(PRIA: Society for Participatory Research in Asia), 한국사회교육협회(현재의 한국평생교육 총 연합회)와 서울대학교 농과대학, 그리고 각종 유엔관련기구 등이 벌여온 참여연구 관련 활동들을 망라 기술하였다. 특히 참여연구, 참여훈련(participatory training), 사회교육 방법으로서의 참여연구 등 참여연구 방법 및 기법을 주제로 한 국내외 연찬회나 학술포럼, 출판물과 정기간행물, 학위논문, 그리고 연구보고서 등을 연대별로 기술하였다. 2012년 한국평생교육학회가 ‘참여연구법의 평생교육적 의미와 난점’을 주제로 학술포럼을 개최한 것을 계기로 사회변화를 위한 실제적인 연구로서의 참여연구의 활성화에 밑거름이 되기를 기대하며 이 논문이 작성되었다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This paper is to describe the beginning of the participatory research(PR) which the ICAE (International Council for Adult Education) officially declared in 1978 as a new social science research methodology for social change, and how it transpired and developed in Asia and especially in South Korea with special emphasis on lifelong education.
The theoretical framework of PR first appeared in 1975 in the Convergence(ICAE quarterly) where Hall, ICAE Secretary-General, wrote on PR and Swantz reported a case study related his work in a Tanzanian village done with villagers. Through subsequent related research-methodological papers and case studies, the ICAE had presented the PR rationale. And after a meeting in 1977 with various UN organizations, development agencies and NGOs, the ICAE declared in 1978 the PR as a new global campaign for virtual social change.
The PRIA(Participatory Research in Asia) was formed in 1978 quartered in New Delhi and appointed Dr. Tandon as Chairman. It organized a Regional Seminar on PR in 1979 in Thailand with assistance from the ASPBAE(Asia/Pacific Bureau of Adult Education). The Vice President of the Korean Association of Adult Education(KAAE) who carried out one action research project called the Rural Development Laboratory(RDL) patterning after the Social Laboratory of the Philippines attended the Seminar.
In early 1981 the KAAE(Korean Association of Adult Education, currently Korean Federation of Lifelong Education Associations) held a nationwide seminar on PR with financial assistance from the ASPBAE and introduced PR by way of presenting related case studies. Afterwards a series of events concerned with PR in Korea such as convening of the PRIA/KAAE Regional Workshop on Participatory Training in ICheon in 1986, KAAE National Convention on PR methodology as a means of adult/lifelong education in 1987, and publication of the book entitled PR and Related Case Studies in 1995 in which three new PR cases carried by two small farmer groups and many overseas cases translated by the graduated students who are all Korean PR members. Some of those cases were also reported in Korean journals and overseas academic meetings including Rural Sociological Society and journal Convergence. Two doctoral theses were written in 2006 based on consumer cooperative operation and on poor youngsters learning action in the disadvantaged area in Seoul, respectively. And it was only in 2012 that the Korean Society for the Study of Lifelong Education had a forum on PR to strengthen lifelong education for authentic social change.
As the first participatory researcher in Korea, the author strongly felt that it is time to write about the Korean history of PR from the time it emerged in lifelong education up to now (2012), this paper tried to mention all the PR related events including workshops, meetings, conventions, case studies, books, research articles in Journals and doctoral dissertations, chronologically if possible. The rationale and ideological traits of PR and some essential steps of PR that the ICAE promotes are also presented and briefly discussed.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 요약
• Ⅰ. 머리말
• Ⅱ. 참여연구의 기원과 특성
• Ⅲ. 한국에서의 참여연구
• Ⅳ. 맺음말
• 참고문헌
• Abstract

참고문헌 (Reference)

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