梁山의 공업입지와 連繫 = Location and Linkages of Manufacturing in Yangsan, Korea
저자
林永大 (부산여자대학교 자연과학대학 지리학과)
발행기관
학술지명
권호사항
발행연도
1997
작성언어
Korean
KDC
980.000
자료형태
학술저널
수록면
69-103(35쪽)
제공처
The purpose of this study is to clarify the characteristics of decentralization of manufacturing from metropolitan Pusan, the largest port city in Korea by means of the empirical case study on spatial variations, location and linkages of manufacturing in Yangsan, a satellite town of Pusan.
For this purpose, Yangsan Eup(town) of 1994 administrative area was selected as a sample area, in which manufacturing has grown rapidly since the latter half of 1970's. Hard data and soft data were used as the basic data. Hard data were used for the analysis of spatial variations of manufacturing. Soft data were used for the analysis of location and linkages of manufacturing firms. Hard data used for this study were both the statistical data of the establishment number and employee number by product type, firm size and unit area(dong) which were listed in statistics yearbooks, and the list of the owner's names, addresses, employee number, products and headquarters of firms which were listed in firm directories. Soft data were the results of the interviews with the owners of firms selected. The interviews have been originally planned to be done with 80 owners of firms in sample area selected by Proportional Stratified Sampling Method, and were actually done with 55 owners of firms among them.
The major findings were as follows:
1. Location of manufacturing in the study area was regularized between the latter half of 1970's and latter half of 1980's in which decentralization of manufacturing from central city was activiated.
2. Spatial expansion of manufacturing was done along the roads, and from the sotheastern part of study area nearer to central city, Pusan, to the northern and western parts.
3. Though spatial variations resulted from the sum of birth, relocation and establishment of branchs of the firms originated from the other regions, the relocation of outer-oriented firms from the central city was the most important process among them.
4. The main locational factors which induced the decentralizing manufacturing from the central city into the study area are land, transportation, market and external economies.
5. There is no great difference in the locational factors on which they had main influences by the products type, the size and organizational type of firms.
6. The strength of linkages is strong in the procurement of materials, in the subcontraction and in the marketing but is not in the ordering.
7. With the execption of ordering linkages, the spatial ranges of linkages are wide. The strength of linkages with the outside of the study area are stronger than the linkage with the inside. Furthermore linkages with the long-distant areas are stronger than linkage with the short-distant area.
8. These spatial characteristics of linkage are different by products type, firm size and organizational type of firms : the larger the firm size, the stronger these spatial characteristics of linkages ; these spatial characteristics are stronger in the single-location firms than in the multi-locations firms ; there is no consistent trend by products type.
9. Main traders with firms are different by types of linkages ; manufacturers and commercial firms in procurement of materials ; orders in marketing ; manufacturers and commercial firms in subcontraction ; manufacturers in ordering.
10. The main factors influencing on the formation of linkages are different by the types of linkages : monopolistic and oligopolistic supply are important in procurement linkages ; characteristics of products and the resulting difficulties in the marketing ; characteristic of products and process, industrial fluctuation, and production capacity in the subcontraction and ordering.
11. The changes of linkages attendant upon locational changes of firms were great, especially in labor supply, marketing and subcontraction.
12. The degree of linkage changes is different by the product type, the size and organizational type of firms : the degree of changes in foods, paper-printing and non-metal manufacturing is greater than the other, and the degree of changes in single-location firms is greater than in the multi-location firms ; the larger the firm size, the greater the degree of changes.
In conclusion, some facts described above were proved to be consistent with the results of proceeding studies in the other areas : influence of decentralization on spatial variations of manufacturing in the suburb, different decentralization by products type, size and organizational types of firms, push factors and pull factors, linkage changes attendant upon locational changes of firms, spatial differences of linkages by products type and size of firms. And some others were proved to be inconsistent with : influence of relocation on spatial variations of manufacturing in the suburb, spatial characteristics of linkages and the spatial differences of linkages by organizational types of firms.
For the better explanation on the characteristics of manufacturing decentralization from the central city, metropolitan Pusan, more empirical case studies on the spatial variations, location and linkage of manufacturing in the suburb areas are necessary.
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