류성룡에 대한 일부 부정적 실록 기록의 재해석에 관한 연구 - 협상전략의 관점으로 = Reinterpreting Negative Evaluations of Ryu Seong-ryong in the Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty - with modern negotiation approaches
저자
발행기관
학술지명
권호사항
발행연도
2023
작성언어
-주제어
KDC
100
등재정보
미등재
자료형태
학술저널
수록면
175-251(77쪽)
제공처
소장기관
The Joseon Dynasty was a society with a ‘gentleman’ and ‘great man’ complex. The agents who propped up the governance structure of Neo-Confucian moral political system were the social elites. In order to implement moral politics, they had to be ‘gentlemen’ and ‘great men.’
The retroactive method of qualifying as a gentleman and a great man was a self-confirming action. As Joseon society failed to evolve or develop, the elites became more and more self-assertive, and factional struggles intensified. Joseon became a closed society which allowed for no compromise or cooperation with opposing groups. Joseon society was by a win-lose game in which self-assertiveness symmetry was unilaterally strengthened. As a result, political purge and factional struggle would become the only way to solve social problems in Joseon politics.
Contrarily, Ryu Seong-ryong’s self-assertiveness was not in conflict with his cooperative spirit. He sought to construct a society where win-win solutions or successful compromises could be made. He pursued ‘empathy’ based on his self-assertiveness while simultaneously pursuing ‘fairness’ and cooperation. Therefore, when faced with a national crisis, he promoted national reform as a fundamental solution to the crisis.
The only weakness of Ryu Seong-ryong would be that he remained absolutely loyal to the King Seonjo. If this is judged based on the appearance of a 'standard great man' at the time, who was recognized as a 'gentleman' to point out the king's mistakes with courage and strongly demand changes to the king's mistakes, this is the characteristic of a gentleman with spirit, and if we judge it as a standard, it lacks the character of a nobleman. However, from a modern negotiation perspective, Ryu Seong-ryong should be seen as a model of win- win leadership that aims for empathetic communication based on sincerity. The reason why he showed himself as a man who never compromises or makes any concessions with his abstract attitude is towards himself.
In the end, as the war came to an end and the reforms he had implemented were aborted due to by the vested interests of rivaling factions, he seemed to have chosen the ‘BATNA’ strategy of giving up further negotiations with King Seonjo and retired. It seems that King Seonjo was highly disappointed that Ryu Seong-ryong refused to go on an envoy mission. Although he was criticized for having refused the King's request it was a humble request on his part.
The Joseon was in a critical period, as Hideyoshi had died and the war with the Japanese army was nearing its end. The question is whether the government's decision to dispatch Ryu Seong- ryong, a wartime Yeonguijeong to the Ming Dynasty during this time was normal from today's perspective. For Ryu Seong-ryong, to end the war and drive out the Japanese army was of the highest priority. Ryu Seong-ryong refused King Seonjo’s order for the sake of serving the country and people. His enemies at the court saw this as a golden opportunity to impeach Ryu Seong-ryong and to exempt themselves from the accusation of misleading the country with a conciliatory foreign policy.
To reevaluate some of the negatively evaluations of Ryu Seong-ryong in the Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty, this article argues that those evaluations stemmed from the limits of the Joseon era marked by the subservient respect toward Ming. By reinterpreting Ryu Seong-ryong’s position, this article argues that Ryu Seong-ryong embodied the leadership of coexistence, as demonstrated by his continuous efforts to cooperate with the opposing party with fairness and empathy in terms of political negotiation.
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