Understanding the Nile River issues and its politico-legal wrangling: Will, finally, the waters of Nile be shared equitably

국문 초록 (Abstract)

나일강은 세계에서 가장 긴 강으로서 인류 문명 발상지 중의 하나이며, 지금도 아프리카 동북부 국가에게 매우 중요한 자원이다. 그러나 유역 국가들간 나일강의 공정한 이용을 위한 법적, 제도적 틀은 거의 확립되지 못하였다. 특히 유럽 열강의 식민지 시대 체결된 여러 협정은 유역 국가간의 대립과 분열의 출발점이 되는 측면이 있다. 오랫동안 이집트는 나일강을 거의 독점적으로 이용하였으나 그 지위를 포기하려고 하지 않으며, 반면에 여타 유역 국가들의 하천수 이용권 주장은 점점 거세지고 있다. 특히 나일강의 가장 큰 발원지 국가로서 에티오피아는 자국의 이익을 지키기 위해 나일강 상류에 대규모 수력 발전 댐을 건설하고 있으며, 이는 국제사회의 이목을 끌고 있다. 에티오피아는 자국의 일방적 행동을 공동 자원의 형평한 이용을 위한 법적, 제도적 틀이 결여된 결과라고 주장한다. 현재 에티오피아, 수단, 이집트 3국 사이에는 장래 에티오피아 댐을 어떻게 저수하고 관리할 것인지에 대하여 미국의 중개 하에 회담이 열리고 있다. 그러나 그 전망이 밝은 것은 아니다. 본 고에서 이 문제를 정치적, 역사적 측면에서 살피는 것은 궁극적으로 법적, 제도적 틀을 마련하는 것이 불가피하다는 것과, 그 결과물인 나일강 이용의 협력 체제는 관련 국가간 형평성을 반영하여야 함을 보이고자 함이다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Longest in the distance that traverses; massive in size in its catchment area; rich in civilizations and inhabitants, but a dwarf in its history of cooperative basin management and establishing a legal and institutional framework for equitable utilization of its waters, Nile River basin is one of the unsolved puzzles of the world"s hydro-politics. The divergent interests of the basin states, owing to the colonial era agreements, are not seen converging any point in time. The downstream countries, Sudan and Egypt, unswerving demand for a monopolistic utilization of the Nile waters have always been a blockage for any reasonable negotiation to happen among all,11, the basin riparian states. Ethiopia"s construction of a hydropower dam on the river as self-justice, unitary action to safeguard a genuine interest, is a result of lack of common legal and institutional frameworks governing interests of the basin states. Currently, a tripartite talk is on and off among Ethiopia, Sudan, and Egypt regarding how the Ethiopian dam, under construction, will be filled and administered. However, the old colonial-era rhetoric of Egypt causes fear of clouding any possible positive outcome. How far Egypt"s old ways of diplomatic pressure on upstream states remain effective? How long will the eight upper stream states, except Ethiopia, stay quiet on their legitimate quest for fair use of the Nile waters? Taking legal matters into a political justice system will not cause a firm resolve to Nile issues, yet, still, a cooperative endeavor to create a legal and institutional framework is needed. To this effect ratifying the cooperative framework agreement of Nile will be the first step in the journey.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Introduction
• Ⅰ. History and origin of the Nile River
• Ⅱ. The Colonial-era agreements and efforts of cooperation
• Ⅲ. The stand of the Newly Independent States towards Earlier Nile Agreements
• Ⅳ. Conclusion
• 【References】
• 【ABSTRACT】
• 【국문초록】

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