변형 생성 문법의 이모 저모 / 국어에서 본 : through the Korean Language = Aspects of the Transformatonal Generative Grammar

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Human beings have the inherent capacity of lerning language. Native speaker composes infinite number of sentences with a system of finite rules.
According to the new frame of transformational theory, we don't use the subcategorization of the lexicon in the phrase structure rules. The type of context free phrase structure rules, therefore, specify the phrase structures.
The lexical rules carry out the role of insertion of the lexical item like the transformational rules. The useful information of the semantic component is included in the base phrase-marker. The simple transformation is used no more, we use only recursive symbol S. The base component has the capacity which generate the infinite number of sentences. Transformational rules by the structural index perform the role of the input to the phonological component from the basic phrase structure. The basic phrase marker connected with the surface structure through the transformational rule is the deep structure.
In the deep structure there is a universality in the human languages, although there are many differences in the surface structure. Universal grammar simplify the description of the specific grammar.
If any linguistic theory has the descriptive adequacy, they must have the following features- (1) The prediction of phonological form of the sentences. (2) The representing method of sentence structure. (3) The prediction of the kind of possible grammar. (4) A method for determining the structural description of a sentence in a given grammar. A theory of linguistic structure that aims for explanatory adequacy must include "(5) A method for selecting one of the(presumably, infinitely many)grammar that are allowed by (3) and are compatible with the given primary linguistic data."
A perceptual model or a model of speech production belong to the grammar of performance. The goal of transformational grammar is the description of the linguistic capacity common to the both models. Without the intermediation of the syntax, it is unable to connect the phonological form to the meaning. Different deep structure must be given to the different meaning whose explanation can not be found in the lexical item. Identical or connected deep structure must be given to the identical meaning, though it is different on the surface structure.
The basis of a sentence is mapped into the sentence by the transformational rules, which, furthermore, automatically assign to the sentence a derived phrase-marker (ultimately, a surface structure) in the process.
In the past, subjects, objects, complements, etc. in the Korean language are treated as arbitrary elements. If there is no subject in the sentence, we must represent the cooccurence of the nouns which are determined by the relative clauses and of their verbs. There are fewer ambuiguities in the honorific representation, because we know the complete sentence which constitute the back ground.
The deletion of NP's in the Korean language pronominalization rather than something equivalent to the English equi-NP deletion. We know a set of syntactic similarities between topicalization and relativization in the Korean language, where only the topicalized NP's are relativized. In the other case, Ross's the complex NP constraint can be applicable in Korean also.
We cite only an instance of the NP raising transformation among the cyclical rules.
X-s〔X-NP-X〕s-V*-X
1 2 3 4 5 6→
1 3-2 0 4 5 6
where V* includes ㏊, sipｈ,i, etc.
na-n?n ne-ёkё ?? salam-?? mal-i sas?m-ilako hantako malhanta
na-n?n ne-ёkё ?? salam-?? mal-?? ??-ilako hantako malhanta
Embbeded subject ?? raised to the object position of the matrix sentence and pronominalized subject of the embbeded sentence is optionally deleted.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 서 론
• Ⅱ. 본 론
• 1. 문법 및 언어 이론
• 2. 변형 이론의 틀짜임의 변천
• 3. 보편 문법과 문법의 평가 문제
• 4. 언어 운용의 문법과 화자의 모델 및 청자의 모델
• 5. 기억 능력의 구조와 언어 구조의 관계
• 6. 통합론과 의미론과의 관계
• 7. 구구조와 구구조 표지
• 8. 어휘 항목과 문법 항목
• 9. 사전의 구조와 파생의 문제
• 10. 국어와 임의 요소
• 11. 국어의 문부사와 종접사
• 12. 일반 변형과 반복 기능
• 13. 복합 명사구 제약
• 14. 변형 규칙
• (A) 순환 규칙
• (B) 전순환 규칙
• (C) 후순환 규칙
• Ⅲ. 결 론
• 참고문헌
• Abstract