호남지방의 저수지의 매몰상황과 저수량에 관한 조사연구(농학계) = The Research of Storage Capacity & Sedimentation of Reservoirs in HONAM Province

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Fourteenes rervoirs maintained by the local land improvement associations in the province of Chullabuk-Do and 20 reservoir maintained by thos in the province of Chullanam-Do, were surveyed in connection with a correction between storage capacity and sediment deposit.
In addition to this survey, 3,347 of small reservoir, that lie scattered around in the above-mentioned two provinces were investigated by using existing two provinces were investigated by using existing records pertaining to storage capacity in the office of City and country, respectively. According to this investigation the following comclusions are derived.
1. A sediment deposition rate is high, being about 10.63㎥/ha of drainage area, and resulting in the average decreasc of storage capaity by 27.5%.
This high rate of deposition coule be mainly attributed to the serve denudation of forests due to disorderly cuttings of trees. Easpecially, in small reservoir, an original average design storage depth of 197mm in irrigation water depth is decreased to about 140mm.
2. An average unit storage depth of 325.6mm as the time of initial construction is decreased to 226mm at present. This phenomena causes a greater shortage irrigation water, since it was assumed that original storage quantity was already in short.
3. Generally speaking, seepage rates through dam abutment intakepipe, etc, are high due to insufficient maintenance and management of reservoir.
4. It is recommended that sediment deposit should be dredged when a reservoir is dry in drought.
5. Farmers usually waste excessive irrigation water.
6. Water saving methods should be practiced by applying only necessary water for growing stage of rice.
7. In are as where water defficiency for irrigation is severe, a soil moisture content should be kept at about 70% by applying water once in several days.
8. Tube wells should be provided so as to exploit ground water and subsurface current below stream bed as much as possible.
9. If an intake weir was constructed, a water collection well should be built for the use in drought.
10. Water conservation should be forced by converting devastated forests contained in the drainage area of reservoir to protected forests so as to take priority of yrefor estation, gully control, the prohibition of disorderly cutting of trees, etc.
11. Collective rice nurseries should be adopted, and it should be recommended that irrigation water for rice nurseries is supplied by farmer themselves.
12. Sediment desposit in reservoir should be thoroughly dreged so as to secure a original design storage capacity.
13. The structure of overflow weir should be automatic so as to freely control flood level and not to increase dam height.