족보 속 여성 정보와 조선시대 여성의 삶 — 안동김씨세보와 족보 데이터를 중심으로 = The Structure and Characteristics of Women’s Information in Korean Genealogies ― Focusing on the Andong Kim Lineage Genealogies

국문 초록 (Abstract)

조선시대족보는전근대여성의삶을복원하는데중요한사료로활용될 수있다. 특히한국의족보는동아시아다른국가들과비교했을때여성정보가 상대적으로 풍부한 특징이 있다. 그러나 족보는 자료적 신뢰도 문제와 특정 계층, 특히 양반층 중심으로 기록되었다는 한계를 가지고 있어, 우선 족보속여성정보에대한면밀한검토가필요하다. 이에본연구는안동김씨 족보를분석하여조선후기족보속여성정보가시기별로어떻게변화했는지살펴보았다. 그결과, 18세기후반부터여성의출생과사망정보뿐만아니라 부모와외가정보가기재되는경향이증가했음을확인하였다. 아울러본연구는안동김씨전자족보데이터를분석하여여성정보의구조와종류를확인하였다. 전자족보는15세기초부터6세기에걸쳐출생한여성들의정보와그 변화를 볼 수 있다는 장점이 있었으며, 여성들의 이름 기록이나 국제결혼 사례 등 전통 족보에서는 볼 수 없는 모습을 보여주었다. 이처럼 데이터 속여성정보는다른사료에서찾기어려운, 여성들의삶을조망하게해주는 중요한자료이다. 이를기초로본연구는전근대여성의출생, 죽음, 출산에 대한초보적인분석을시도하였다. 향후연구에서는족보데이터의신뢰도를 높이고, 정교한 방법론을 활용하여 여성 정보가 말해주는 것이 무엇인지 더욱 구체적으로 밝혀나갈 필요가 있다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Chosŏn Dynasty genealogy can be used as an important historical record to reconstruct the lives of women in pre-modern society. In particular, Korean genealogy records relatively rich information about women compared to other East Asian countries. However, genealogy has limitations in terms of its reliability and the fact that it was mainly recorded by certain classes, especially the Yangban elite, so it is imperative that research involving genealogical data approach a careful examination of information about women in the genealogy.. This study analysed the Andong Kim lineage genealogy to investigate how information about women in the genealogy changed over time in the late Chosŏn period. It found that from the late 18th century, the genealogy tended to include not only information on the women’s births and deaths, but also information on their their paternal and maternal ancestors. In addition, this study analysed the genealogy database on the Andong Kim lineage homepage to identify the structure and types of personal information in the genealogy database. The database had the advantage of being able to look at changes in the information of women listed in the genealogy, including those born after the 20th century. It showed changes that could not be seen in traditional genealogies, such as the recording of women’s names and cases of international marriage. However, the database is limited in its analysis of class-based Chosŏn society as it does not reflect the distinction between legitimate and illegitimate children or the different structure of wives and concubines. Nevertheless, genealogical data are useful for analysing the births, deaths, marriages and childbirths of women in the pre-modern period and are an important source for gaining a perspective on women’s lives that is difficult to find in other historical source. This study has utilised the data to provide a comprehensive analysis of women’s lives during the Chosŏn period.