KCI등재
자동차 레몬법 중재 연구 = A Study of Automobile Lemon Law Arbitration
저자
발행기관
학술지명
권호사항
발행연도
2015
작성언어
-주제어
KDC
300
등재정보
KCI등재
자료형태
학술저널
수록면
265-292(28쪽)
DOI식별코드
제공처
소장기관
Nowadays, motor vehicles not only are important means of living and assets for an individual but also, as dangerous products, are involved in various disputes. Under the consideration of these characteristics of motor vehicles, it is very important to secure consumers’ interests of the quality including automobile safety. The motor vehicle consumer’s interest is protected by the courts according to warranty systems of contract law or a special law. Also, the interest regarding safety is secured by governmental recall or product liability law and system. For ideal introduction of dispute resolution system of car exchange and refund, the legislation of ‘Lemon Law’ which is an exchange and refund law of general consumer goods is pressing, such as ‘the Magnusson-Moss Warranty Act’ of the United States and ‘Directive 1999/44/EC…on certain aspects of the sale of consumer goods and associated guarantees,’ of EU. Despite of these revised foreign application of laws for consumer protection, there is no movement to revise the Civil Law or the Basic Act of Consumers in Korea. It is necessary to introduce the Lemon Law quickly into Korean Law that a seller is responsible for consumer’s claims regarding the existence of non-conformity of goods and any defect within two years after sales and that any non-conformity within six months after goods delivery is presumed as that of the point of delivery according to ‘Directive 1999/44/EC’ of EU, which causes the shift of burden of proof to the seller. Also, it should be reviewed that the express warranty cannot waive the implied warranty and the exclusion of parole evidence rule in the Consumer Product Warranty and Liability Act of Canada. The automobile Lemon Law could be legislated by revision of ‘the Automobile Management Act’ of Korea. A customer could claim replace or refund for new cars of which the manufacturer failed to correct the defects despite of reasonable number of repair attempts within one year or thirty thousand km mileage, whichever is earlier. Each country’s dispute settlement system of lemon law pursues professionalism, impartiality, convenience and the mitigation of consumer’s burden. The Lemon Law arbitrations in the United States try to build up customer’s interests in the point that the award only binds manufacturers, the arbitration program expenses are paid by manufacturers and hiring a layer is not necessary. Lemon law arbitration program. which is introduced based on the minimum requirements of the FTC, is set up by the approval from the Attorney General of the state according to the impartiality standards of state or the United States. Also, the fairness is continuously secured by regular audit of the FTC. Frequent arguments regarding lemon law arbitration bound only the producers would be pacified by establishing firm impartiality. But consumers can compose an arbitral tribunal by selecting arbitrators from its list and should be assured of attending arbitration hearing as well as a defense chance if they want. The Motor Vehicle Disputes Tribunal of New Zealand is a good system which secures automotive professionalism, impartiality and convenience of consumers. Particularly, it supplements a trial by the merit of ADR which attempts dispute resolution through negotiation, generally reduces the costs of litigation by prohibiting deputy of attorney, considers the consumer’s convenience by visiting court and secures impartiality, execution and appealing process by resolution of dispute through the judgement of court. If this kind of special court obtains the authority to order ‘specific performance’ to manufacturers in Singapore, consumers would be protected more strongly. In a short run, the Lemon law arbitrations in the United States seem recommendable as the model of dispute resolution system for automotive replace or refund in Korea. As one of the major automotive industry countries like the United States, the harmony of related legislations is important in Korea. For example, if Hyundai/Kia Motor companies signed up Lemon Law Arbitration Program in the United States, it is recommendable to sign up a similar program in Korea. But based on the fact that the exchange and refund start from warranty of a contract and pursues the impartiality as main value, it is more recommendable for a neutral institution like the United States does, rather than administrative system oriented by government. In the long run, special court for automotive disputes would be established based on specialty and accumulated legal principles through Lemon Law arbitrations.
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