Men of letters and the English public in the eighteenth century, 1660-1744 : Dryden, Addison, Pope

목차 (Table of Contents)

• CONTENTS
• FOREWORD = ⅸ
• PREFACE = xi
• INTRODUCTION = xiii
• BIOGRAPHICAL NOTE = xxiv
• CHAPTER Ⅰ : JOHN DRYDEN AND THE THEATRE(1660-1680)
• Ⅰ The Restoration of 1660 : King Charles Ⅱ, the Court.- Anti-Puritan reaction.- Gaming, wine, gallantry, profligacy.- Religion, morals = 1
• Ⅱ Art, literature songs, etc., satires, novels = 8
• Ⅲ Writers' hopes after the Restoration.- Disappointment.- Authors friendly to the Court : Cowley, Butler.- Authors hostile to the Court : Bunyan, Milton.- Authors who succeed in living by their pen take to drama : Dryden, Otway, Shadwell, Lee, Crowne, Mrs. Behn, Settle, D'Urfey, Ravens-croft = 19
• Ⅳ What the drama was : actresses, production ; dramatic opera.- Tragedy : heroic plays.- Comedy = 30
• Ⅴ Dramatists' difficulty in satisfying the audience.- Audience limited in numbers ; perpetual demand for something new ; collaboration and adaptation.- Frivolity of the audience : Prologues and Epilogues = 53
• Ⅵ Courtiers' literary pretensions.- Authors compelled to seek courtiers' favour : Dedications.- Incidents : Dryden and Sir Robert Howard, the Duke of Newcastle, the Duke of Buckingham, the Earl of Rochester = 67
• Ⅶ Writers' profits : from the theatre, from sale of their books, from gifts = 107
• Ⅷ Conclusion : As yet, neither public, nor men of letters = 125
• CHAPTER Ⅱ : JOHN DRYDEN AND POLITICS(1680-1688)
• Ⅰ Re-awakening of political and religious passions : Whigs and Tories.- Political Drama : Dryden, Otway, Lee, Southerne, Crowne, D'Urfey, Shadwell, Settle, Tate, Mrs. Behn, Ravenscroft, Bankes.- Political Prologues and Epilogues = 136
• Ⅱ Decadence of Drama.- Newspapers.- The Coffee House ; The Newsletter ; The Pulpit = 151
• Ⅲ Political Literature under Charles Ⅱ : Dryden's "Absalom and Achitophel" ; replies of Settle, Buckingham, Pordage, etc.- Dryden's poem "The Medal" ; replies of Hickeringhill, Pordage, Shadwell, etc.- Dryden's Mac Flecknoe.- " Absalom and Achitophel, Part Ⅱ ", by Nahum Tate and Dryden.- Dryden's "Religio Laici".- Shadwell and Hunt's replies to Dryden and Lee's "Duke of Guise" ; Dryden's Vindication of "The Duke of Guise" ; Dryden's Translation of Maimbourg's "History of the League" = 168
• Ⅳ Political Literature under James Ⅱ : Sprat's Account of the "Horrid Conspiracy against the Late King"(Rye-House Plot).- Dryden and Stillingfleet discuss religion.- The Anglican Clergy join in polemics against the King.- " The Hind and the Panther" by Dryden.- Montague and Prior's "The Country-Mouse and the City-Mouse ".- Overthrow of James Ⅱ = 178
• Ⅴ Conclusion : Authors' services are better appreciated.- The City as counterweight to the Court.- Reciprocal influence of City and Court.- Political competes successfully with frivolous literature.- Jacob Tonson, the first English publisher, tries his strength.- Profits from the theatre increase. This gives promise for the future ; meantime the spiritual and material lot of authors does not improve.- They are "courtiers" in politics as in literature.- Their political changes of front.- Wycherley, Haimes and Dryden converted to Roman Catholicism.- Violence of their political passion = 186
• CHAPTER Ⅲ : JOSEPH ADDISON(1688-1721)
• Ⅰ Modifications in monarchical practice introduced by the Revolution.- The King's need of public support.- R$$\hat o$$le of literature in the Government ; Halifax, Somers, Dorset, Montague, etc.- Whigs and Tories enlist writers on their side.- Favour and lucrative posts showered on authors.- Shadwell, Tate, Eusden, Rowe, Smith, Hughes, Ambrose Philips, Parnell, Arbuthnot, Garth, Blackmore, Granville, Stepney, Maynwaring, Walsh, Martyn, Tickell, Locke, Newton, Steele, Swift, Defoe, Congreve, Vanbrugh, Gay, Addison, Prior, Montague = 212
• Ⅱ Happy results of the writers' new status.- They acquire and deserve respect.- They take a share in the reform of manners = 219
• Ⅲ Current Manners.- Manners reflected in the drama : Dryden, Shadwell, D'Urfey, Southerne, Congreve, Vanbrugh, Mrs. Manley, Granville, Dennis = 222
• Ⅳ Jeremy Collier's" Short View of the Immorality and Profaneness of the English Stage ".- What Collier was.- Analysis of his book : its faults, merits, effect.- Replies by Congreve, Vanbrugh, D'Urfey, Wycherley, Dennis, Settle, Filmer, Drake, Farquhar, etc.- Collier's triumph ; reform of the theatre = 230
• Ⅴ The Danger of Collier's Attack.- The Danger averted by Addison's "Spectator ".- The Difficulties of Addison's Task = 243
• Ⅵ The periodical press after the Revolution.- Abolition of the Censorship.- Its consequences.- Birth of the literary journal : John Dunton's "Athenian Mercury " ; Defoe's "Weekly Review of the Affairs of France" ; Steele's "Tatler" = 248
• Ⅶ The "Spectator ".- A Non-political Daily.- Appeal to new Readers.- Readers' Response.- Moral R$$\hat o$$le of the "Spectator ".- Its Attitude to Cavaliers and Puritans.- Addison's special Qualifications for his Task.- Moral Value of his Paper.- Its Literary and Educational Value.- Its Success.- Contemporary Testimony to the Influence of the "Tatler" and "Spectator" = 263
• Ⅷ Increase in the number and quality of readers.- The influence of politics.- The influence of Addison and his imitators.- An English reading-public is well established = 307
• CHAPTER Ⅳ : ALEXANDER POPE(1721-1744)
• Ⅰ Despite Appearances, Writers are not yet wholly independent.- Patronage now based on Politics.- Writers' Services to Politics : Addison, Steele, Swift, Shadwell, Congreve, Vanbrugh, Rowe, Prior, Gay, Defoe, Locke, Newton, Tate, Eusden, Smith, Hughes, Ambrose Philips, Parnell, Arbuthnot, Garth, Blackmore, Granville, Stepney, Maynwaring, Walsh, Martyn, Tickell.- Why the Political Parties cannot dispense with authors.- Effects of Political Patronage.- Dedications to Statesmen, etc.- The Author's uneasy position = 317
• Ⅱ Walpole at the Head of Affairs(1721-42).- Cessation of political patronage just at the moment when the private patronage of the Great has ceased.- The writer's trials : Steele, Ambrose Philips, Savage, Dennis, Boyse, Johnson, etc = 341
• Ⅲ Dryden and the first English publisher, Jacob Tonson.- The publisher's r$$\hat o$$le in literature.- Dryden's translation of Virgil.- His Fables.- Literature increasingly remunerative = 354
• Ⅳ Pope and his publishers Tonson and Lintot.- Pope's Translation of Homer.- It made Pope's fortune.-Pope breaks the tradition of interested Dedications.- Preserves a detached attitude to political parties.- Refuses offered pensions.- Sought by the highest society in England.- The first English man of letters = 366
• Ⅴ Conclusion = 381
• BIBLIOGRAPHY
• Ⅰ General Works
• (a) Historical = 387
• (b) Critical = 392
• Ⅱ Authors = 399
• INDEX = 476