해방 이후 영등포 공업지역의 혼란과 재건 ― 1945년~1950년을 대상으로 = Trials and Recovery of the Yeongdeungpo Industrial Area in the late 1940s

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study examines the location and operation of factories in the Yeongdeungpo area focusing on the era from post-liberation to the outbreak of the Korean War, as well as the conditions of chaos and reconstruction during this time.
Research through various records indicates that there were approximately 80 medium-to-large factories in Yeongdeungpo around the time of liberation. During this period, there were almost no significant new constructions or expansions of factory facilities, suggesting a strong physical continuity from the pre-liberation era. Furthermore, as most of these were vested properties, incidents of corruption and embezzlement by managers were frequent. Production capacity was also hindered by various challenges, including a shortage of technicians, conflicts between managers, workers, and labor organizations, as well as power and raw material shortages.
Meanwhile, the Yeongdeungpo area was home to numerous large-scale textile mills, making it the most prominent hub for the industry in South Korea at the time. Since these factories produced daily necessities, the government paid close attention to stabilizing the sector and implemented various measures to enhance production capacity. Even during severe power shortages, this region received all-day electricity distribution, and plans were made to construct private or integrated thermal power plants through state subsidies. Beyond this, government efforts included special loans, awards for exemplary factories, localization of essential parts, and the promotion of technical training centers. In the private sector, along with individual efforts to increase production, various initiatives—such as industrial consultative meetings and skills competitions—were held to improve communication and boost morale. This series of events played a significant role in giving the Yeongdeungpo area distinct characteristics compared to other regions in Seoul.