미얀마 이라와디강(江)하구 저습황무지(低濕荒蕪地)의 농업개발 가능성 = Agricultural Development Fesaibility of Swampy Areas in Ayeyarwady Deltaic Plains of Myanmar

국문 초록 (Abstract)

1. 우리나라의 벼 一般型 및 統一型 品種을 乾期에 栽培하였을 때에도 不時出穗 현상은 없었으나 $quot;소백벼(一般型)$quot; 및 $quot;중원벼(統一型)$quot;는 出穗日數가 빨라지고 稈長이 短縮되어 問題視 되었고, $quot;소백벼$quot;, $quot;오대벼$quot;, $quot;대성벼$quot;, 및 $quot;중원벼$quot;는 미얀마 對比品種보다 減收되었다.
2. 一般型 품종 중에서 收量이 가장 높았던 것은 $quot;신금오벼(벼 8.95 톤/㏊)$quot;로서 對比品種보다 29% 많았고, 統一型 품종 중에서는 $quot;남풍벼(벼 9.67톤/㏊)$quot;가 對比品種보다 약40% 增收되었다.
3. 乾期에는 옥수수, 땅콩, 참깨, 녹두, 해바라기 등의 밭作物 재배가 가능하다. 단, 含黃土層의 露出로 인하여 土壤 pH가 낮은 地盤高 1.2m 以下 地域은 浸水危險도 있으므로 벼를 栽培함이 좋으며, 오리飼育, 淡水魚 養魚, 또는 이들의 複合營農 등도 가능할 것으로 보였다.
4. 乾期벼의 ㏊당 生産費는 737천원 정도로서 약 343천원의 純收益이 期待되었으며, 固定費用이 낮아 쌀 톤당 生産費가 184천원 내외로서 國際競爭力이 있었다.
5. 荒蕪地 약 7,300㏊를 開沓하여 實栽培面積 4,800㏊가 얻어졌을 때, 乾期作만으로도 현 國際米價(300$/톤)를 기준하여 쌀 4톤/㏊ 生産시 年間 16.5억원의 純收益이 기대되어 10년 내에 投資回收가 可能할 것으로 보였으며, 米價300佛 때 損益分岐 생산량은 2.2톤/㏊ 이었다.
6. 國內의 옥수수 재배는 純損失 狀態인데 반하여, 미얀마 델타地域 옥수수의 生産費는 韓國의 15% 水準에 不過하여 77천원의 순수익이 期待되었으나 國際競爭力은 없을 것으로 보였다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Korean rice varieties, Japonica and Jap. cross Indica type, were cultivated in the deltaic area of Myanmar during dry season to find out the productivities and problems to be expected. Although the non-seasonal heading was not found, but some varieties such as $quot;Sobaegbyeo$quot;, $quot;Odaebyeo$quot;, $quot;Daeseongbyeo$quot;, $quot;Jungweonbyeo$quot; etc. were not favorable by decreasing yields or by shortening stem length and headign dates etc. than in Korea.
The highest yield among Japonica varieties was $quot;Singeumobyeo$quot; theat was about 29%(8.95t/㏊ in rough rice) higher than check variety $quot;Shwewar tun$quot; while the $quot;Nampungbyeo$quot; increase about 40%(9.7t/㏊ in rough rice) among Jap. cross Indica type.
the iddleland in deltaic plain could be cultivated upland crops such as corn, groundnut, sesame, mung bean, sun flower etc. during dry season after reclamation, except in the area lower than 1.2m in sea level where weak potential acid sulphate soil materials. occur near surface. The lower areas which also apt to be water-logging even in dry season by the season by the discharge of irrigation water. The raisin of duck or fresh water fishes with combination of rice also possible.
the production cost or rice in Myanmar was characterized by having low in fixed expenditure, and it was about 737×10³won/㏊ while the net income was about 343×10³won/㏊. Under the assumption that the price of rice in the world market is about 300$/t, the break even point of rice was about 2.2t/㏊.
The production cost of corn in the deltaic area was only about 15% of that in Korea, and about 77×10³won/㏊ of net income is expected, although did not have competitive power in the world market.