KCI등재
車美理士의 美洲에서의 國權恢復運動 = Melissa Cha's Independence Movement for Korea in the US
저자
발행기관
학술지명
권호사항
발행연도
2000
작성언어
-등재정보
KCI등재
자료형태
학술저널
수록면
224-267(44쪽)
제공처
Melissa Cha left a huge step in the modern history of Korea by devoting herself to the independence movement in the US during 1905~1910 and to the education of women in Korea through Chosun Yeo-Ja Kyo-Yook-Hoe(Association for Korean Women’s Education) since 1920. Her historical reputation as a women’s educator is already fairly high as her activities were well known via newspapers or magazines at that time. In contrast, there is not much revealed so far regarding her life and accomplishments during her staying in the US. It is the most contribution of this paper to show that she dedicated herself to the independence movement for Korea even during her US days.
This paper reviewed her birth, growth, and marriage life in order to understand how she could participated in the independence movement abroad when women’s social activities were strongly discouraged. She was born in 1880 without any brother or sister. Her father taught her to stay independent and she kept her father’s saying all throughout her life. She married at the age of 17 and lost her husband leaving one daughter after two years of the marriage. At that time, Korean widows were not socially allowed to marry again. However, she changed her hopeless life to a full joy by accepting Cnristianity and started to study more. After finishing 4 years at Joong-Seo Women’s Schod, she went to the US in 1905 for the higher education.
While she was staying at Pasadena, California to make money for her further education, she joined Dae-Dong Kyo-Yook-Hoe(Dae-Dong Association for Education) which was established by Kyung Chang, one of the movement leaders. The Association pursued the perfect independence through the education; supporting the selected people from Korea to study abroad, and publishing newspapers and translated books. Melissa postponed her study and moved to San Francisco to work for the Association because she also was strongly interested in educating especially women who could play key roles in the independence movement as well. As Japan gradually strengthened its power in Korea, the Association also changed its name to Dae-Dong Bo-Kook-Hoe(Dae-Dong Association for National Independence) from January 1907 and expanded the activity areas including the independence movement with international religious groups. This is one of the reasons why Melissa, a very sincere Christian, actively participated in the Association as one of the initiators and board members. She played the critical role in publishing Dae-Dong-Gong-Bo, the newspaper of the Association. The 7th issue of the newspaper included one of her articles titled “We Believe in God and Work for Korea” which dearly shows her passion and love to her home country. In this article, she claimed as follows. “God is fair and prefers the justice. Thus God would help us who fight against Japan, the invader. Also women should join the independence movement as God never discriminates female and will prize whoever does his/her best.”
In addition, she organized Han-Kook Boo-In-Hoe(Association for Korean Women) for the first time in the US. Indeed, Korean women in the US could start their social participations with this Association. She also worked for the Dae-Dong Orphanage because she thought that every woman should serve as a mother for poor orphans and that the orphanage business itself was an important civil movement. For the financial support of the orphanage, she lead the fund raising by selling pencils, which is considered very valuable in terms of the history of the civil movement and of the women movement.
As discussed above, this paper provided strong evidence that she spent her US days in the independence movement and discussed the historical meaning of her activities in the US. Melissa Cha deserves her high reputation as she is one of the great civil leaders in the early 20th century. Also this paper concluded that her active social participation mainly through women’s education since 1920 was deeply rooted to her valuable experience in the US.
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