한국 후기 구석기시대 슴베찌르개의 형태 분석과 유물군 다양성 = Morphological Variability of Tanged Point and Assemblage Diversity in the Korean Late Paleolithic

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Tanged point (TP) is a distinctive retouched tool type in the Korean Late (Upper) Paleolithic, yet little research has examined its morphological variability in relation to the behavioral contexts of mobile hunter-gatherers. This study presents a morphological analysis of 288 TPs from 52 assemblages at 39 excavated sites, demonstrating that their variability corresponds closely to lithic assemblage diversity. First, assemblages were assigned to the Early Upper Paleolithic (EUP) or Middle Upper Paleolithic (MUP) to assess chronological differences in TP production technology, size, and shape. Second, specimens were classified by plan body shape and blade-edge retouching pattern, and the composition of TP classes was compared across assemblages to identify variability in tool reduction. Third, the relationship between assemblage composition and morphological diversity was evaluated by comparing the evenness (E) of ten shaped tool types with the diversity index (H) for TP morphology. Results indicate that (1) TP production technology and overall morphology remained stable from ca. 43 to 20 ka, while (2) attributes linked to TP use and reduction processes associate with assemblage composition rather reflect temporal change alone. TP show high morphological diversity with intensive retouch and frequent discard in assemblages where they are dominant (e.g., Suyanggae VI-4 and Yongsan-dong), but simpler and more restricted variation in scraper- or endscraper-dominated assemblages (e.g., Hopyeong-dong and Wolpyeong 3). This inter-assemblage variability provides that TPs were subject to distinct reduction sequences formed by the behavioral dynamics of mobile hunter-gatherers. It is expected that integrating lithic debitage and micro-wear analyses will further clarify the relationship between tool morphology and site formation processes.