자립적 경제발전전략과 북한적 정치체제의 형성과정 = The Political Consequence of the Self-Reliant Economic Development in North Korea

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

<Abstract>
The purpose of this study is to prove that North korea's self-reliant economic development
strategy operated as an important variable in the process of constructing its political system.
Previous studies on the political system of North Korea have considered political elements
such as ideology, Kim Ⅱ-sung's will to power, and external relations as constructing factors
of its political system. These approaches resulted from the perception that North Korea is
more ideology-oriented and politics-centered nation than other nations. However, the leadership
of North Korea has put priority on economic growth and perceived that as a major function of its
political system since the Korean War. In North Korea, this signifies that politics not only functions
as a major factor but also is highly subject to economy.The self-reliant strategy for economic growth of North Korea was "to construct an economic
system where they can reproduce by themselves with a connection between national production
and consumption resulted from mobilizing human and material resources." However, this strategy
of North Korea only caused a serious conflict with the Soviet Union and it was also impossible to
establish a multi-sided and synthetic economic system in North Korean situation where capital and
technology were very poor. Therefore, North Korea could not help but find another special way to
accomplish self-reliant strategy for economic growth. Self-reliant strategy was achieved in three
aspects. (1) The strategy created and systematized a unique political ideology that lead to the
spontaneity and devotion of the people, which was needed to accomplish this strategy. This
was expressed as a form of 'Juche Ideology'. (2) North Korea established a centralized control
system in order to mobilize its human and material resources more efficiently. As a result, the
Korean Worker's Party came to have a much greater organizing ability and influence than any other
socialist states' parties. (3) North Korea completely organized and collectivized the people to extract
their devotion and sacrifice.By the end of the 1960's, these characters of North Korea's political system reached the extreme form
through the policy of establishing independent military defense capability as well as an independent
economy. This brought about new debates and splits, what caused the leadership to be reorganized t
o a great extent and established the system of 'One Thought'. The strategy for modernization of military
required high speed growth and priority on heavy-industry. As a result, the society was wholly dominated
by revolutionary high tides and the people's destitution and sacrifice. Finally in 1970, when the Fifth Party
Congress was held, the political system of North Korea made it possible for Kim Ⅱ-sung to have absolute
power on the basis of 'Juche Ideology' that was developed in the process of pushing the self-reliant strategy
for economic growth, powerful controlling mechanisms of the party, and the people who were submissive to
the system. Conclusively, it can be said that North Korea's policy for economic growth performed a function
as a principal variable in the process of constructing its political system.