Exploring the Process of Reducing Psychological Well-Being and Testing the Influence of Variables: The Mediating Role of Job Stress and Moderated Mediation Role of Task Conflict

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The COVID-19 pandemic has presented significant psychological challenges for healthcare workers in healthcare facilities. In particular, medical workers have to perform various tasks such as long-term contact with infected patients and epidemic prevention work, which can impact their psychological well-being making it difficult for them to maintain a high level of well-being. According to such a background, it is worth ex-ploring which factors have negative impacts on the level of psychological well-being, and it is important to re-veal the process behind this reduced psychological well-being. Therefore, this study focused on the main ele-ments affecting medical workers’ psychological well-being, such as relationship conflict, and aimed to identify the causal relationship between relationship conflict and psychological well-being. Furthermore, this study iden-tified and demonstrated the mediating role of job stress in the relationship between relationship conflict and psychological well-being. Additionally, the moderating effect of task conflict was examined on relationship conflict and psychological well-being, and the moderated mediation effect of task conflict was also examined.
We surveyed 259 medical workers from Chinese medical institutions. The results showed that relationship conflict had a positive effect on work stress among healthcare workers. However, relationship conflict did not have a significant effect on the psychological well-being of healthcare workers. Work stress had a neg-ative effect on the psychological well-being of healthcare workers. The task conflict did not significantly moderate the effect of relationship conflict on psychological well-being, and the moderated mediation effect of task conflict was not significant.
Overall, this study focused on exploring and verifying variables that lower the level of psychological well-being among healthcare workers and proposed methods to improve their psychological well-being. Specifically, this study differs from previous research by not focusing on methods to improve psychological well-being in the context of Chinese healthcare institutions, but rather exploring negative variables that lower psychological well-being and verifying the process behind the reduced psychological well-being. Finally, by revealing the process behind the reduced psychological well-being, our research makes a valuable con-tribution to the field of psychological well-being.

참고문헌 (Reference)

• 1 유정화 ; 김형곤, "항공사 객실 승무원의 성격 5요인이 직무스트레스에 미치는 영향 - 근무기간을 조절효과로 -" 한국항공경영학회 14 (14): 25-46, 2016
• 2 최수형, "조직구성원의 공감이 직무만족과 이직의도에 미치는 영향 - 직무스트레스의 매개효과 -" 대한경영정보학회 35 (35): 229-250, 2016
• 3 조윤형, "심리적 계약위반은 조직구성원들의 심리적 웰빙과주관적 웰빙을 낮추는가?" 대한경영학회 30 (30): 303-323, 2017
• 4 전영주 ; 김정선, "병원행정직원의 긍정심리자본이 심리적웰빙에 미치는 영향" 한국컴퓨터정보학회 23 (23): 93-98, 2018
• 5 박기혁 ; 하오현, "병원종사자들의 관계갈등 및 스트레스 요인이 이직의향에 미치는 영향" 중소기업융합학회 10 (10): 167-175, 2020
• 6 김은숙 ; 정민수, "미용종사자의 감정노동과 자아존중감이 직무스트레스에 미치는 영향" 한국미용학회 25 (25): 206-214, 2019
• 7 김병직 ; 지원구 ; 전상길, "물리적 환경 위험도가 작업자의 안전행동에 미치는 영향, 직무 스트레스의 매개 효과 및 지각된 통제의 조절 효과" 한국안전학회 32 (32): 105-111, 2017
• 8 이경순 ; 서경현, "대학생의 대인관계 스트레스 및 부모와의 갈등과 주관적 웰빙: 원한 동기의 매개효과를 중심으로" 한국건강심리학회 16 (16): 595-608, 2011
• 9 Sonnentag, S., "Workplace conflict and employee well-being : The moderating role of detachment from work during off-job time" 24 (24): 166-183, 2013
• 10 Shen, Y., "Work Stress, Occupational Well-being of Managers: The Effect of Self-efficacy and Recovery Experiences" (9) : 24-30, 2016
• 11 Zhang, J. R., "Work Stress, Job Satisfaction and Job Burnout in Primary and Middle Schools Teachers" 22 (22): 920-922, 2014
• 12 Wang, Y., "Work Engagement and Psychological Well-being in Civil Servants : A Mediated Moderation Model" 25 (25): 1109-1113, 2017
• 13 Medina, F. J., "Types of conflict and personal and organizational consequences" 2002
• 14 Zhang, Y. H., "The relationship between emotional Regulation and teenagers’ Psychological well-being: an Analysis of the intermediary effect of Psychological Capital" (1) : 132-144, 2020
• 15 Fu, M., "The psychological impact of anxiety and depression on Chinese medical staff during the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic : a cross-sectional study" 10 (10): 7759-7774, 2021
• 16 Zhang, A. Y., "The influence of job stressors and psychological capital on career development of clinic nurses" 37 (37): 817-821, 2018
• 17 Hon, A., "The effects of group conflict and work stress on employee performance" 54 (54): 174-184, 2013
• 18 Børresen, V. G., "The effect of relationship conflict on management team performance: The mediating effect of psychological safety" 2021
• 19 Jehn, K. A., "The dynamic nature of conflict : A longitudinal study of intragroup conflict and group performance" 44 (44): 238-251, 2017
• 20 Qin, Z. Q., "The correlation research among core values identity, psychological well-being and successful intelligence : Based on the data validation of knowledge talents" 5 (5): 24-33, 2017
• 21 Liang, W., "The correlation between challenging and obstructive stress on occupational copingself-efficacy of emergency nurses" 37 (37): 3201-3204, 2018
• 22 Yang, Z. Y., "The application of reliability analysis in environment questionnaire" 5 (5): 101-103, 2015
• 23 Yuan, L., "The Research on the Relationship Between Task Conflict and Team Performance Under the Mediating Effects of Information Elaboration in Knowledge Teams" 33 (33): 135-140, 2016
• 24 Zhang, X. G., "The Relationships Among Employee Well-being, Demographic Characteristics and Job Characteristics : The Role of Job Stress" 34 (34): 1151-1156, 2011
• 25 Chen, H. B., "The Relationship among Subjective Well-being, Psychological Well-being and Social Well-being" 5 (5): 46-52, 2012
• 26 Li, Y. Y., "The Relationship Between College Teachers’ Occupational Well-Being and Job Performance : Mediating Effect of Psychological Capital" 55 (55): 125-129, 2018
• 27 이은경 ; 최규상, "The Moderating Role of Overall Justice Climate in Relationship-task Conflict and Task Conflict-group Performance Linkages" 한국인적자원관리학회 25 (25): 1-17, 2018
• 28 Du, J. X., "The Influences of Emotional Labor on the Organizational Members’ Psychological Well-Being : The Mediating Role of Job Stress" 11 (11): 2109-2118, 2021
• 29 Wang, M., "The Influence of Workload on Perceived Intragroup Conflicts : The Moderating Effects of Locus of Control and Affect-Based Trust" 29 (29): 122-133, 2017
• 30 Dai, P. H., "The Effect of Team Task Conflict on Decision-making Quality and the Role of Trust in the Effecting Process" 33 (33): 31-36, 2014
• 31 Sui, Y., "The Effect of Supervisor Developmental Feedback on Employee Voice : Positive or Negative Emotions as Mediators and Team Identification as a Moderator" 31 (31): 161-170, 2019
• 32 Park, C. Y., "The Effect of Child Care Teacher’s Emotional Labor and Job Stress on Organizational Effectivenes" Graduate School of Seokyeong University 2019
• 33 Wang, H. L., "The Cost of Feeling Trusted: The Study on the Effects of Feeling Trusted from Supervisor, Role Overload, Job Stress and Emotional Exhaustion" (10) : 110-125, 2016
• 34 Cheong, J. O., "Testing the Relationship Between Perceived Organizational Politics and Organizational Performance: Task and Relationship Conflict as Mediators" 1-17, 2022
• 35 Zhao, C., "Task Conflict and Talent Aggregation Effect in Scientific Teams : The Moderating Effects of Participative Leadership" 37 (37): 56-60, 2019
• 36 Zhou, M. J., "Task Conflict and Relationship Conflict on Team Creativity : The Mediating Role of Team Potency" 26 (26): 120-130, 2014
• 37 Liu, C., "Supervisor–employee task conflict and supervisor ostracism: The moderating effect of interpersonal harmony values" 1-27, 2022
• 38 Tillman, C. J., "Supervisor–Subordinate Relationship Conflict Asymmetry and Subordinate Turnover Intentions : The Mediating Roles of Stress and Counterproductive Work Behaviors" 17 (17): 169-196, 2017
• 39 Diener, E., "Subjective well-being : A general overview" 39 (39): 391-406, 2009
• 40 Liu, Y., "Study on the relationship among job stress, job burnout and organizational commitment in ICU nurses" 32 (32): 1614-1618, 2016
• 41 Sinha, R., "Skewed task conflicts in teams : What happens when a few members see more conflict than the rest?" 101 (101): 1045-1055, 2016
• 42 Wang, X., "Research on the Influence Factors of Employee’s Psychological Well-being" (17) : 71-77, 2014
• 43 Ye, Y. Y., "Research of the relationship between job stressors and subjective well-being among nurses in a military infectious disease hospital" 10 (10): 702-703, 2010
• 44 Meier, L. L., "Relationship and task conflict at work : Interactive short-term effects on angry mood and somatic complaints" 18 (18): 144-156, 2013
• 45 Mitchell, R., "Professional commitment and team effectiveness : a moderated mediation investigation of cognitive diversity and task conflict" 34 (34): 471-483, 2019
• 46 Kim, J. H., "Police Officers’ s Job Stress Factors and Factors Affecting the Depression" Graduate School of Hansei University 2017
• 47 Parker, D. F., "Organizational determinants of job stress" 32 (32): 160-177, 1983
• 48 Lemyre, L., "Mesure du stress psychologique (MSP)" Éditions Behaviora 1990
• 49 Wei, X. H., "Management of Relationship Conflict : The Moderating Effects of Team Efficacy and Team Emotional Intelligence" 24 (24): 138-145, 2015
• 50 Van Woerkom, M., "Learning from conflicts? The relations between task and relationship conflicts, team learning and team performance" 18 (18): 381-404, 2009
• 51 Bell, A. S., "Job stress, wellbeing, work-life balance and work-life conflict among Australian academics" 8 (8): 25-37, 2012
• 52 Wei, R. Z., "Investigation and analysis of mental health and well-being of medical staff in psychiatric hospitals" 16 (16): 70-71, 2021
• 53 Janssen, O., "How task and person conflict shape the role of positive interdependence in management teams" 25 (25): 117-141, 1999
• 54 Deng, J., "How does social support affect public service motivation of healthcare workers in China : the mediating effect of job stress" 21 (21): 1-13, 2021
• 55 Zhang, X. J., "How Team Task Conflict Influences Individual Creativity : A Cross-level Mediated Moderation Model" 35 (35): 22-27, 2016
• 56 Chen., W. Y., "How Does Team Peer Monitoring Influence Team Creativity? Perspectives of Team Conflict Asymmetry and Learning from Failure" 32 (32): 82-93, 2020
• 57 Ryff, C. D., "Happiness is everything, or is it? Explorations on the meaning of psychological well-being" 57 (57): 1069-1081, 1989
• 58 Chu, Y. J., "General well-being of medical personnel during the COVID-19 pandemic" 21 (21): 1683-1686, 2021
• 59 Dai, P. H., "Experimental Research on Leadership Style and Team Conflict Control" 40 (40): 82-92, 2018
• 60 Jehn, K. A., "Enhancing effectiveness : An investigation of advantages and disadvantages of value-based intragroup conflict" 5 (5): 223-238, 1994
• 61 Zheng, J. J., "Effect of Organization Identification on Knowledge Sharing of Primary and Secondary School Teachers : The Mediating Role of Team Identification and the Moderating Role of Relationship Conflict" 42 (42): 430-436, 2019
• 62 Chen, W. Y., "Does Relationship Conflict Asymmetry Facilitate Team Creativity? A Moderated Mediation Model" 40 (40): 125-139, 2019
• 63 Fu, H., "Does Entrepreneurial Team Conflict Weaken Members’ Well-Being Perception: The Moderating Effect of Team Relationship Governance" (6) : 119-130, 2021
• 64 Koay, K. Y., "Do employees’ private demands lead to cyberloafing? The mediating role of job stress" 40 (40): 1025-1038, 2017
• 65 Blais, M. A., "Development and initial validation of a brief mental health outcome measure" 73 (73): 359-373, 1999
• 66 Hao, C. P., "Correlation among Psychological Capital, Job Stress and Job Well-Being in ICU Nurses" 35 (35): 20-23, 2018
• 67 Liu, N., "Coordination of the Relationship between Task and Relationship Conflict in Teams" 32 (32): 179-182, 2012
• 68 De Dreu, C. K., "Conflict in organizations : Beyond effectiveness and performance" 14 (14): 105-117, 2005
• 69 Choi, K., "Competing hypotheses analyses of the associations between group task conflict and group relationship conflict" 32 (32): 1106-1126, 2011
• 70 Huang, H. Y., "CPA’s Job Stress, Perceived Organizational Support and Job Performance" (2) : 89-94, 2014
• 71 Boz, M., "Breaking negative consequences of relationship conflicts at work : The moderating role of work family enrichment and supervisor support" 25 (25): 113-121, 2009
• 72 Li, S. S., "Belief in a Just World on Psychological Well-being among College Students : The Effect of Trait Empathy and Altruistic Behavior" 25 (25): 359-362, 2017
• 73 Bai, X. W., "Are Conflicts with Supervisor Always Detrimental? Differentiated Effects of Supervisor-subordinate Relational and Task Conflicts on Shared Mental Models and Team Performance" 36 (36): 6-21, 2019
• 74 Almost, J., "Antecedents and consequences of intragroup conflict among nurses" 18 (18): 981-992, 2010
• 75 Wang, X. X., "Analysis of occupational stress and its influencing factors of medical staff under epidemic preventi and control" 44 (44): 111-115, 2021
• 76 Han, P., "An Exploration into the Relationship among Organizational Trust, Psychological Safety and Work Stress" 29 (29): 110-121, 2017
• 77 Ma, L., "Abusive Supervision Influence Employee Innovative Behavior : A Perspective of Organizational Identification and Relationship Conflict" 32 (32): 150-155, 2015
• 78 Jehn, K. A., "A multimethod examination of the benefits and detriments of intragroup conflict" 40 (40): 256-282, 1995
• 79 Huang, J. W., "A Study on the Effect of Income Inequality on Happiness and Its Mechanism" 36 (36): 123-145, 2016
• 80 Wang, Q., "A Research on the Relationship among Undergraduates’ Psychological Resilience, Self-esteem and Psychological Well-being" (4) : 102-114, 2019
• 81 Jin, X., "A Longitudinal Study on the Effect of Organizational Identification on the Organizational Members’ Performance" Graduate School of Soongsil University 2019