疏水性 실관막과 유기상 抽出劑에 의한 重金屬 分離에 관한 硏究

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

In the recent methods of water treatment and recycling, membrane technologies are practically developed and spotlighted. In this study, the process to remove Cr(Ⅵ), Ni(Ⅱ), Zn(Ⅱ) from aqueous solution by extractant with membrane and stripping(back extraction) of heavy metal from heavy metal - extractant complex into NaOH aqueous solution with membrane was investigated. It was used TOA, TDA, TCMAC, DOPP as organic extractants and hydrophobic hollow fiber membrane. The characteristics of organic extractants was investigated according to acid concentration of aqueous solution with each heavy metal and on the recovery rate with Na0H concentration for heavy metal - extractant complex. The results of a series of extraction-stripping process have been compared with the results obtained from individual processes. Extraction and stripping were also observed to find the rate controlling step according to the change of flow rate with number of membrane. From these experiments, the following results were obtained.
1. By using hollow fiber membrane, an effective removing of heavy metal such as Cr(Ⅵ), Ni(Ⅱ) and Zn(Ⅱ) by extractants is possible due to rapid mass transfer. And recovery of heavy mental from heavy metal - extractant complex is possible by using stripping solution such as NaOH.
2. In the individual process, mass transfer in extraction is 3~5 times faster than that of stripping, and depends on the existence of membrane resistance.
3. The mass transfer of extraction of individual process is similar to that of series of extraction-stripping process. The reason is that concentration of heavy metal complex at initial stage of reaction is almost same as individual process because of low reaction rate in stripping module. And stripping of heavy metal is very low at initial stage of reaction because the concentration of extracted heavy metal at initial stage of reaction is very low, and it is difficult for the heavy metal to contact with stripping solution.
4. The rate controlling step of hydrophobic membrane is solution flow in tube side. And in the case that acqueous solution flows out of membrane with increase of the flow amount, mass transfer becomes lower because of the channeling phenomenon at shell side.
5. In the given concentration range (1.0×10^(-1)~1.0×10^(-5) mol/dm^(3)) of hydrochloric acid, the long-chain aliphatic amine extractants have high distribution ratio for Cr(Ⅵ) and acidic extractant has high distribution ratio for Ni(Ⅱ) and Zn(Ⅱ).

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목차 = ⅰ
• Ⅰ. 서론 = 1
• Ⅱ. 이론 = 7
• 1. 추출메카니즘 = 7
• 가. 염기성 추출제 : TOA, TDA, TCMAC = 7
• 나. 산성추출제 : DOPP = 8
• 2. 총괄물질전달계수 = 9
• 3. 개별물질전되계수와 물질전달저항 = 10
• Ⅲ. 실험 = 15
• 1. 실험장치 = 15
• 2. 實驗方法 = 21
• Ⅳ. 결과 및 고찰 = 25
• 1. 평형분배비 = 25
• 가. 추출 = 25
• 나. 역추출 = 26
• 2. 물질전달속도 = 33
• 가. 개별공정 = 33
• 나. 연결공정 = 35
• 3. 막수량분포와 물질전달 저항 = 79
• Ⅴ. 결론 = 87
• 참고문헌 = 88
• ABSTRACT = 98