큐레토리얼민주주의 - 관람자의 창작을 견인하는 큐레이팅 - = Curatorial Democracy - Curating to Lead Viewers’ Creation -

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 관람자의 창작을 견인하는 큐레이팅을 ‘큐레토리얼민주주의’라는 개념으로 정의하고 큐레이팅에서의 실천적 이론과 방법론을 탐구한다. 이를 위해서 본 연구는 먼저 해석자로서의 독자의 위상을 강조한 ‘수용미학’과 문화 향유자의 ‘문화 생산자로서의 위상’을 강조하는 ‘문화민주주의’ 개념으로부터 ‘미술민주주의’ 개념을 추출하고 시각예술의 장에서의 관람자와 전시 기획자의 다변화된 위상을 탐구한다. 즉 수용자, 해석자, 비평가, 제3창작자로서의 역할을 담당하는 오늘날의 관람자 연구와 더불어 제2창작자로서의 전시 기획자의 변화된 위상을 탐구한다. 특히 매개론과 미술민주주의의 입장에서 전시 기획자가 ‘관람자의 창작을 견인하는 큐레이팅’과 ‘관람자의 기획을 견인하는 큐레이팅’을 시도하는 ‘큐레토리얼민주주의’라는 개념을 도출한다. 아울러 큐레이팅 실제를 분석하면서 ‘우연적 참여, 자율적 참여, 필연적 참여’와 같은 다양한 양상들로 ‘큐레토리얼민주주의’의 개념을 성취하는 방법론을 다각도로 탐구한다. 본 논문에서 제시하는 ‘큐레토리얼민주주의’는 기초적 개념으로, 향후 ‘심층 연구’로 발전시켜 나갈 필요가 있다. 그럼에도 불구하고 본 연구는 관람자의 능동적 역할을 고려한 채 시도하는 다양한 큐레이팅 사례들을 방법론적으로 정리하고 구체화하는 연구로 시도되었다는 점에서 의미를 지닌다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study defines curating, which leads viewers’ creation, as the concept of “curatorial democracy,” and explores practical theories and methodologies in curating. For this research, I first extract the concept of ‘artistic democracy’ from the concept of ‘Reception aesthetics’, which emphasizes the reader's status as an interpreter, and ‘cultural democracy’, which emphasizes the status of ‘enjoyer of culture’ as ‘cultural producers’. In doing so, I explore the diversified status of viewers and curators in the field of visual arts. In other words, it conducts research on today’s viewers who play roles as audiences, interpreters, critics, and third creators, and explores the changed status of the curator as a second creator. In particular, this study derives the concept of ‘curatorial democracy’ in which the curator attempts ‘curating to lead viewers’ creation’ and ‘curating to lead viewers’ another curating’ from the standpoint of mediation theory and artistic democracy. In addition, the methodology of ‘curatorial democracy’ is explored from various dimensions through analysis of various aspects such as ‘accidental participation, voluntary participation, and inevitable participation’ while analyzing the curatorial practice. The ‘curatorial democracy’ presented in this paper is a basic concept and needs to be developed into 'in-depth study' in the future. Nevertheless, this study is meaningful in that it was practiced as a ‘methodological study on various curatorial cases’, which was carried out while keeping in mind the active role of the viewers.

참고문헌 (Reference)

• 1 박신의, "커뮤니티 아트, 지역 사회, 창작 공간" 유네스코 에이포트 2012
• 2 탁선미, "예술의 자율성 - 그 문제의 현재 위상과 의미 - 서독 문예이론 논쟁사를 바탕으로" 서울대학교 독일학연구소 4 : 1995
• 3 장지영, "앙드레 말로와 자크 랑"
• 4 지영호, "문화예술 향유권 확대를 위한 ‘문화매개’ 및 ‘문화매개자’에 관한 연구 - 프랑스 문화정책을 중심으로" 한국문화관광연구원 29 (29): 28-49, 2015
• 5 강상중, "나는 작품을 만지러 미술관에 간다" 다빈치기프트 2004
• 6 Thiong’o, Ngugi wa, "Writers in Politics: Essays" Heinemann 1981
• 7 Hansom, Paul, "Twentieth-century European Cultural Theorists:First series, Biography & Autobiography"
• 8 Newton, K. M., "Twentieth-Century Literary Theory: A Reader" Macmillan Education 2017
• 9 Sapiro, Gisèle, "The Literary Field between the State and the Market" 31 (31): 2003
• 10 Husserl, Edmund, "The Idea of Phenomenology" Springer 1999
• 11 Bourdieu, Pierre, "The Field of Cultural Production or the Economic World Reversed" 12 (12): 1983
• 12 Ashcroft, Bill, "The Empire Writes Back: Theory and Practice in Post-colonial Literatures" Routledge 1989
• 13 Langsted, Jorn, "Strategies: Studies in Modern Cultural Policy" Aarhus University Press 1990
• 14 Sartre, Jean-Paul, "Situations II" Gallimard 1948
• 15 Herman, David, "Routledge Encyclopedia of Narrative Theory" Routledge 2010
• 16 Nixon, S., "Production of Culture/Cultures of Production" Open university 1997
• 17 Jauss, Hans-Robert, "Pour une esthétique de la réception" Gallimard 1978
• 18 Heidegger, Martin, "Phenomenology of Intuition and Expression: Theory of Philosophical Concept Formation" Continuum 2010
• 19 Spivak, Gayatri Chakravorty, "Outside in the Teaching Machine" Routledge 1996
• 20 Eco, Umberto, "Opera aperta" Bompiani 1976
• 21 Hibberd, Sarah, "Music and the Sonorous Sublime in European Culture, 1680–1880" Cambridge University Press 2020
• 22 Catherine Pearson, "Museums in the Second World War: Curators, Culture and Change" Routledge 2017
• 23 Thiong’o, Ngugi wa, "Moving the Centre: The Struggle for Cultural Freedoms" James Currey 1992
• 24 Achebe, Chinua, "Morning Yet on Creation Day" Heinemann 1975
• 25 Lunn, Eugene, "Marxism and Modernism: An Historical Study of Lukacs" California University Press 2021
• 26 Thibaudet, Albert, "Le liseur de romans" G. Crès et Cie 1925
• 27 Bourdieu, Pierre, "La production de la croyance: contribution à une économie des biens symboliques" (13) : 1977
• 28 Poulet, George, "La conscience critique" Corti 1971
• 29 Barthes, Roland, "La Mort de l’Auteur" (5) : 1968
• 30 Bourdieu, Pierre, "La Distinction: Critique sociale du jugement" Minuit 1979
• 31 Martin, Laurent, "Jack Lang: Une vie entre culture et politique" Editions Complexe 2008
• 32 Snodgrass, ‎Adrian, "Interpretation in Architecture: Design as Way of Thinking" Routledge 2013
• 33 Houlgate, Stephen, "Hegel and the Arts" Northwestern University Press 2007
• 34 Makaryk, Irene Rima, "Encyclopedia of Contemporary Literary Theory:Approaches, Scholars, Terms" University of Toronto Press 1993
• 35 Thiong’o, Ngugi wa, "Decolonising the Mind: The Politics of Language in African Literature" Heinemann 1986
• 36 Vásquez, Víctor Manuel Morales, "Contours of a Biblical Reception Theory: Studies in the Rezeptionsgeschichte of Romans 13.1-7" V&R unipress 2012
• 37 Groden, Michael, "Contemporary Literary and Cultural Theory" The Johns Hopkins University Press 2012
• 38 Shaffer, E. S., "Comparative Criticism: Volume 5" Cambridge University press 1986
• 39 Bourdieu, Pierre, "Champ intellectuel et projet créateur" (246) : 1966
• 40 Kallendorf, Craig, "A companion to the classical tradition" Blackwell 2007
• 41 Herlitzius, Eva-Marie, "A Comparative Analysis of the South African and German reception of Nadine Gordimer’s, André Brink’s and J. M. Coetzee’s works" LIT 2005
• 42 창원문화재단, "2020창원조각비엔날레 전시도록"
• 43 부산비엔날레조직위원회, "2015바다미술제 전시도록"