미곡창고 오염균주에 대한 천연추출물의 항균활성 = Antimicrobial Activities of Medicinal Herbs and Seaweeds Extracts Against Microorganisms Isolated from the Rice Warehouses

국문 초록 (Abstract)

쌀의 저장 중 미생물학적 요인에 의한 품질 저하를 억제하기 위해 미곡창고 내의 환경과 창고 내에 보관되어 있는 나락에서 곰팡이, 세균 및 효모를 분리 동정한 후 주요 오염균에 대한 상백피, 감초, 꽈배기 모자반 및 감태의 항균효과를 조사하였다. 미곡창고 내의 환경과 나락에서 분리된 주된 오염균은 Sphingomonas paucimobilis와 Bacillus cereus를 비롯한 여러 Bacillus 속 세균과 불완전균류, Aspergillus spp., Penicillium spp.의 곰팡이 그리고 Candida spp.의 효모인 것으로 나타났다 분리된 균주에 대한 천연추출물의 항균력을 측정한 결과 상백피, 감초, 꽈배기 모자반 및 감태 모두 미곡창고 오염균주에 대해 항균력이 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 꽈배기 모자반, 상백피, 감초는 항진균 활성도 있는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 특히 상백피의 항균력이 뛰어난 것으로 나타났는데, $0.0025{\sim}0.0075%$농도에서 주요 오염균의 생육을 억제하였으며, 내 열성 포자를 형성하는 Bacillus cereus의 생육을 0.0025% 농도에서 억제하였다. 이상의 결과를 볼 때 이들 천연추출물을 미곡창고 내에 처리하거나 나락에 직접 처리할 경우 쌀의 저장 중 미생물학적 안전성을 확보할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

In order to prevent the quality deterioration of rice from microbial infection, we investigated antimicrobial activities of Morun albalinne, Glycyorrhiza uralensis, Sargassum siliquastrum, and Ecklonin cava against isolated microorganisms from the paddy and warehouses. The major types of the bacteria grown in the paddy and rice warehouses were Sphingomonas paucimobilis, Arthrobacter atrocyaneus, and Bacillus spp. such as Bacillus cereus Additionally Deuteromycetes, Aspergillus spp. and Penicillum spp. were considered as major contaminant microorganisms in the paddy and rice warehouses. As results of the paper disc assay against the isolated microorganisms, the ethanol extracts with Morun albalinne, Glycyorrhiza uralensis, Sargassum siliquastrum, and Ecklonia cava showed effective antimicrobial activities. Especially, Morun albalinne showed the strongest growth inhibition on the isolated bacteria at $0.0025{\sim}0.0075%$.

참고문헌 (Reference)

• 1 농촌진흥청, "농촌진흥사업 통계자료"
• 2 김수정, "감초의 에탄올 추출물의 항균활성 및 안정성 조사" 한국식품과학회 38 (38): 241-248, 2006
• 3 Kim SI, "lsolation and identification of antimicrobial compound from Sancho(Zanthoxylum schinifolium)" 13 : 56-63, 1997
• 4 Kim YS, "Volatile components and antibacterial effects of pine needle(Pinus densiflora S. and Z. )extracts" 22 : 37-45, 2005
• 5 Kim YB, "Types of deteriolation of storage rice in Korea and identification of the causative microorganisms(Ⅱ)" 17 : 54-62, 1973
• 6 Cho DH, "Types of deteriolation of storage rice in Korea and identification of the causative microorganisms(Ⅰ)" 15 : 193-198, 1972
• 7 Jaquette CB, "Survival and growth of psychrotrophic Bacillus cereus in dry and reconstituted infant rice cereal" 61 : 1629-1635, 1998
• 8 Kim HS, "Studies on the preservation of Korean rice by gamma-irradiation(Ⅲ)on disinfection of rice by gamma-ray irradiation" 1 : 113-120, 1970
• 9 Kim HS, "Studies on the preservation of Korean rice by gamma-irradiation(Ⅰ)" 1 : 51-61, 1969
• 10 Mheen TI, "Studies on the fungi in stored rice" 10 : 191-196, 1982
• 11 Shibuya N, "Studies on deterioration of rice and milled rice during storage" 21 : 597-603, 1974
• 12 Mheen TI, "Studies in the growth and control of stored paddy rice" 10 : 297-305, 1982
• 13 Park UY, "Purification of antimicrobial substance for the extract from the root bark of Morus alba" 10 : 225-230, 1995
• 14 Jang JH., "Prevalence of toxigenic Bacillus cereus group and contamination reduction in grain food" Kyungwon University 2003
• 15 Kim DC, "Present status and future improvement for post harvest of rice" 2-13, 2004
• 16 Kim DC., "Post harvest technology for high quality rice" 54-68, 2002
• 17 Harrigan WF, "Laboratory methods in microbiology. 3rd ed" Academic Press 8-18, 1960
• 18 Ahn EY, "Isolation and identification of antimicrobial active substance from Glycyrrhiza uralensis FISCH" 30 : 680-687, 1998
• 19 Lee CJ, "Influence of koji molds on the production of aflatoxins by Aspergillus flavus in rice" 21 : 721-725, 1989
• 20 Kang HY, "Hygienic studies on some Korean cereals" 15 : 83-90, 1989
• 21 Lee MJ, "Evaluation of efficacy of sanitizers and disinfectants marketed in Korea" 37 : 617-677, 2005
• 22 Shin MG, "Effects of amylase acrivity on changes in amylogram characteristics during storage of brown rice" 49 : 2505-2508, 1985
• 23 Kim YB, "Effect of rice weevil and mold on quality of stored rice" 17 : 399-402, 1985
• 24 Hwangbo JS, "Changes in eating quality and lipid components of Tongil rice variety in storage" 8 : 74-79, 1976
• 25 Granum PE, "Bacillus cereus and its food poison toxins" 157 : 223-228, 1997
• 26 Lee SY., "Antimicrobial activity of seaweeds extracts for food spoilage and food poisoning microorganism" Pukyung Univ 2006