한국 성인에서 Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-Item Scale 척도와 건강행태변화: 제8기 국민건강영양조사 3차년도(2021) = The Effects of Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-Item Scale on Health Behavior among Korean Adults: The 8th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2021)

국문 초록 (Abstract)

연구배경: 불안장애는 1차 진료에서 가장 흔한 정신질환 중 하나로 의료 이용, 동반질환 증가, 삶의 질 저하 등과 관련이 있다. 본 연구는 국민건강영양조사 자료를 바탕으로 GAD-7 점수에 따른 다양한 건강행태 변화에 대한 영향을 확인하고자 한다.
방법: 2021년 국민건강영양조사 참여자 중 설문 및 측정 결과에 결측이 없는 한국 성인 5,191명을 대상으로 하였다. GAD-7 척도의 외래 방문 여부, 저체중, 비만, 흡연, 음주, 신체활동에 대한 영향을 확인하기 위해 교란변수 보정 후 복합표본 로지스틱 회귀분석을 시행하였으며, 성별을 나누어 하위집단 분석을 하였다.
결과: 대상자 중 경도 불안 560명, 중등도 불안 141명, 심한 불안 95 명이었으며, 심한 불안군으로 갈수록 여성의 비율이 증가하였다. 2주 내 외래 방문 확률은 정상군에 비해 경도 불안군(OR, 1.79; 95% CI, 1.46–2.19), 중등도 불안군(OR, 1.78; 95% CI, 1.16–2.74), 심한 불안군(OR, 1.76; 95% CI, 1.09–2.85)에서 모두 높았다. 흡연의 위험도는 중등도 불안군(OR, 2.10; 95% CI, 1.24–3.58)에서 증가했으며, 월1회 이상 음주 위험도는 중등도 불안군(OR, 1.70; 95% CI, 1.15–2.52) 에서 증가하였다. 하위집단 분석에서 2주 내 외래 방문 확률이 남성은 경도 불안군(OR, 1.66; 95% CI, 1.19–2.33)과 중등도 불안군(OR, 2.39; 95% CI, 1.19–4.77)에서, 여성은 경도 불안군(OR, 1.88; 95% CI, 1.44–2.45)과 심한 불안군(OR, 1.88; 95% CI, 1.12–3.14)에서 증가하였고, 흡연 위험도는 여성 중등도 불안군(OR, 2.37; 95% CI, 1.09–5.17), 심한 불안군(OR, 3.07; 95% CI, 1.31–7.19)에서 증가하였다.
결론: 한국 성인에서 불안 응답군은 2주 내 외래 방문 확률, 흡연, 음주의 위험도가 증가한다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Background: Anxiety disorder is one of the most common mental illnesses in primary care. It is associated with increased reliance on medical care, comorbidities, and poor quality of life. This study is intended to evaluate the relationship between scores on the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7) scale and adult health behavior based on the 2021 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES 2021).
Methods: The study selected 5,191 Korean adults, who completed the survey and evaluation according to KNHANES 2021. To determine the effect of the GAD-7 scale on outpatient visits, underweight, obesity, smoking, drinking, and physical activity, a multiple logistic regression analysis was performed. Additionally, subgroup analysis was performed by dividing the sexes.
Results: Among the study subjects, people in the mild, moderate, and severe anxiety groups numbered 560, 141, and 95, respectively. The odds ratio (OR) of the probability of outpatient visits within two weeks increased (mild: OR, 1.79; 95% confidence intervals [CI], 1.46–2.19; moderate: OR, 1.78; 95% CI, 1.16–2.74; severe: OR, 1.76; 95% CI, 1.09–2.85) compared to the normal group. The risk of smoking and drinking increased in the moderate group (OR, 2.10; 95% CI, 1.24–3.58; OR, 1.70; 95% CI, 1.15–2.52). In the subgroup analysis, the probability of outpatient visits increased among both sexes, and the risk of smoking increased among females.
Conclusion: Among Korean adults, the probability of outpatient visits and the risk of smoking and drinking increased in the anxiety group compared to the normal group.

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