심리언어학과 변형생성문법간의 관계에 대한 연구 = A Study of the Relations Psycholinguistics and Transformational Generative Grammar

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Probably the most useful summary of the 1965 version of Chomsky's theory is in terms of the similarities and differences between it and the 1957 varsion. One of the most obvious differences is the change from the earlier emphasis on a division between 'kernel' sentences, defined as those which require only obligatory transformations, and more complex sentences, which are formed by optional transformations operating on one or more underlying strings. In the 1965 version more attention is given to the fact that all sentences, which are formed by optional transformations operating on one or more underlying strings. In the 1965 version more attention is given to the fact that all sentences have a deep structure and a surface structure. Further, the transformations which map deep on to surface structures have all become obligatory, since the surface form of the sentence is fully determined by the deep structure, which includes all the constituent strings which m71 be combined to produce the final sentence.
Whereas his earlier work was more closely confined to liguistic implications, in his later writings Chomsky draws philosophical and psychological conclusions from his theory.
When trying to sum up the contribution of transformational grammar to psychology, one point that must be stressed is that the psycholinguistic approach has opened up totally new ways of conceptualizing language.
The applications of transformational grammar, there have been two major developments of interest to psychologists.
The first is a proposal that the basic relations in deep structure are not those between subject and object.
The second development aims at a more radial revision of transformational theory.
A major effect of Chomsky's generative linguistics was to bring to psychologists' attention the crucial importance of linguistic creativity. By demonstrating that the competence of a language user includes the ability to produce a potentially infinite number of possible sentences, Chomsky made psychologists aware that language is a far more complicated kind of behaviour than had hitherto been appreciated.