포스트 냉전기 지역학의 전개: 중국지역연구를 중심으로 = The Development of the Post-Cold War Area Studies: Focusing on China Area Studies

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study sets out to investigate the historical development of area studies during the post-Cold War era. Specifically, the field of China studies is analyzed as case study to explain the formation of post-Cold War area studies. The historical formation and development of area studies in the post-Cold war period demonstrate two fundamental points. First, the post-Cold war area studies have been directly influenced and shaped by the changes in international relations. Three major changes in international relations acted as the turning points for transforming the characteristics of area studies during the post-Cold war era: the end of the Cold War following the collapse of the former Soviet Union and the Eastern European Socialist Block; the September 11 terrorist attack and the reconstruction of the US-led unipolar order; and the global financial crisis and the rise of China. Second, the changes in area studies during this period were also simultaneously influenced by discussions in and across academic disciplines, especially social sciences. Examples of such academic discussions include those on the prevailing consensus of the western world after the Cold War, including the ‘end of history’ thesis; the theory of the clash of civilizations and cultures subsequent to the September 11 attack; and the China Model discourse following the global financial crisis. Conclusively, the transformation of area studies’ defining features in the post-Cold war epoch bears a close relation to the establishment and maintenance of the new hegemony as a result of the changes in the international order and discussions in and across academic disciplines.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 논문은 포스트 냉전기 지역학의 역사적 전개과정에 관한 글이다. 특히 포스트 냉전기 지역학의 전개과정을 구체적으로 살펴보기 위하여 중국학의 사례를 제시하고 있다. 포스트 냉전기 지역학의 역사적 전개과정은 다음과 같은 사실을 보여주고 있다. 우선 포스트 냉전기 지역학은 국제질서의 변화에 직접적인 영향을 받아 형성되어 왔다. 구체적으로는 구소련 및 동유럽 사회주의의 몰락과 이에 따른 냉전체제의 붕괴, 911사태와 미국주도 질서의 재구성, 글로벌 금융위기와 중국의 부상이 포스트 냉전시기 지역학 성격변화의 중요한 변곡점을 제공하였다. 둘째, 포스트 냉전기 지역학은 이러한 국제질서의 변화뿐만 아니라 동시에 분과학문, 특히 사회과학에서의 논의에 영향을 받았다. 냉전체제의 붕괴 이후에는 역사의 종언을 포함한 서구의 지배적인 통설, 911사태 이후에는 문명 및 문화 담론, 그리고 글로벌 금융위기 이후에는 중국모델론이 그 예이다. 결국 포스트 냉전기 지역학의 전개는 국제질서의 변화 및 분과학문 논의의 변화에 따른 헤게모니 수립 및 유지와 밀접한 관계를 맺고 있다고 하겠다.

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