A Literature Review on Power, Polarity, and Stability of International System

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This paper aims to critically review literature on Power, Polarity, and the stability of International system. I examined different interpretations and arguments, among scholars on the above terms. Power has been used in a broad sense that is interchangeable with influence and control. But most scholars in International Relations now see power as an international actor's ability to get others to conform to its preference. Also, I illustrated that power requires a degree of interdependence between the actor and target because power exist only when actor and target are in conflict each other. This paper also examined in depth the relationship between the size and pattern of pole and its impact on international system. To do so, it starts with Inis Claude's four definitions on BOP: situation, policy, symbol, and system. I also examined various scholars' endeavors such as Kaplan, Waltz, Wagner, Organski, Ordeshook, and Mearsheimer. I conclude that there is no relationship between the size of pole and stability of system. If there is some relationship, it is not a lineal(positive or negative).

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 논문의 목적은 첫째, 국제관계에서 가장 중요한 개념인 Power에 대하여 분석하는데 있다. 전통주의 및 행태주의 학자들의 Power에 대한 분석들을 종합적으로 살펴보고 있다. 둘째, 이 논문은 국제체제에서의 Polarity와 국제체제의 안정성과의 관계에 관하여 살펴보고 있다. Kaplan의 국제체제 모델로부터, 양극체제일 때 국제체제가 가장 안정적이라는 Waltz의 주장, 다극체제가 가장 안정적이라는 싱어와 도이치의 연구 결과를 본 논문의 핵심으로 두어, 각각의 주장들이 갖는 논리적, 분석적 장, 단점을 살펴보았다. 현재까지의 연구 결과들을 종합, 검토하여 필자는 국제체제에서의 극의 수와 안정성과의 관계는 아주 미약하다는 결론에 도달하였다. 이와 관련, 필자는 한정된 데이터, 데이터의 표준화 문제, 그리고 다양한 변수들에 대한 학자들마다의 다른 표준화 때문에 극의 수와 체제 안정성과의 관계에 관한 연구가 상반된 연구 결과를 도출할 수밖에 없다는 점을 지적하였다. 끝으로 국제체제에서의 극의 수와 안정성에 관한 보다 나은 연구를 위하여 동맹공격, 극의 긴장도, 자원수준, 세력분포 등을 새로운 변수로 사용해 결론에서 제기하였다.

참고문헌 (Reference)

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