美·蘇의 軍政과 對韓半島 統一政策 = A Comparison Between American and Soviet Policies for the Unification of Korea During Their Occupation

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The objective of this thesis is to study the policies of the United States and the Soviet Union with regard to their unification policies toward Korea during the three years of their occupation period on the Korean peninsula immediately following the end of the Pacific War in 1945. After a careful and thorough evaluation of their policies, the following conclusions were found:
1. It was the United States which suggested the trusteeship for Korea during the World War Ⅱ. It was finalized at Moscow Conference in December, 1945. However, the trusteeship plan turned out to be a failure of the American policy as the most of Korean sopposed the plan. The United States should have been able to persuade, if not convince, the leaders of the South Korea on the merits of the trusteeship plan, which Washington failed to do. Furthermore, inconsistence of the American policy as evidenced by its alteration of the original plan after the majority of the Koreans rejected the trusteeship plan also contributed to the failure of the American policy in Korea.
2. The Soviet Union participated actively on Korean problem since the end of the World War Ⅱ in Europe, particularly during the Yalta and Potsdam Conferences of Allied Powers. Moscow attempted to communize the entire peninsula from the outset of its occupation of North Korea in 1945. The Soviet Union tried to gather the support of Koreans for its scheme by insisting, in forming the Provisional government for Korea, on consulting only with "democratic"-meaning communist-parties and social groups. And its decision to shorten the period of trusteeship to five years instead of up to ten years as proposed by the United states, was to hasten the communization of entire peninsula. Also, Moscow's insistence on discussing the political affairs prior to the solution of the economic matters reflects the basic Soviet strategy of comminization of entire Korea. The Soviet Union's proposal at the United Nations that the withdrawal of foreign troops from Korea should precede the formation of a unified government also reflects Moscow's scheme of communizing Korea militarily.
3. In conclusion, the clash of national interests of both the United States and the Soviet Union on the Korean question resulted in the failure of the peninsula to he reunified after the liberation of Korea from the Japanese domination in 1945. The initial decision of the United States to partition the Korean peninsula along the 38th parallel was another reason, perhaps the most crucial reason, for the perpetuated division of Korea in the first place. Along with these, the lack of consensus among the political leaders of Korea on the formula for reunifying the peninsula also contributed toward the failure of the country to be reunited.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 序言
• Ⅱ. 韓半島의 分斷과 美·쏘의 作用
• 1. 戰時會議에서의 韓國間題
• 2. 38線 劃定
• 3. 分斷初期 美·쏘의 對韓政策
• Ⅲ. 美·쏘의 對韓統一政策
• 1. Moscow會議
• 2. 美·쏘共同委員會
• 가. 豫懶會談
• 나. 第 1次 美·쏘共同委員會
• 3. UN과 韓國統一問題
• 다. 第2次 美·쏘共同委員會
• Ⅳ. 美·쏘의 對韓政策 比較
• 1. 美國政策의 評價
• 2. 쏘聯政策의 評價
• Ⅴ. 結語