과학기사 및 과학정책에 대한 사회조사 = The General Survey on Science News and Science Policies of the Government Reported by the Mass Media
저자
발행기관
학술지명
권호사항
발행연도
1973
작성언어
Korean
KDC
040.000
자료형태
학술저널
수록면
77-106(30쪽)
제공처
소장기관
Like many social problems, the dissemination of natural science and technology is a concern of a developing country, since science and technology play an important role in national life, ranging from an individual to the nation as a whole. Also, the effective dissemination of science news by the mass media is considered to be one of the major concerns of underdeveloped and developing countries because the influence of the mass media upon the public is considered to be great.
But, like many other social problems. this national concern and the influence of the mass media (and/or the effects of the mass media) upon the general public have not been studied yet in the Republic of Korea before.
This research is an attempt to expedite the effective means of dissemination of the government's policies and effective means of propagation of science news and science policies of the government by the mass media, by analyzing and determining the major factors affecting the people's accessibility to, readability of, and understanding of science news and science policies of the government reported by mass media. And this study is also intended to provide, if possible, effective means to solve the problems of disseminating modern technology, scientific knowledge, science news and science policies, etc. by having the general survey throughout the country.
To have the general survey effective, four stage sampling methods were utilized. At the first stage, to determin the sample-size and sampling, the proportional stratified sampling method was adopted, based on the statistics of the newspaper subscribers published by the Ministry of Culture and Public Information. At the second stage the cluster-sampling and area-sampling methods were used in combination with the random-sampling of the administrative units. At the third stage and fourth, the subjects to be interviewed were proportionally distributed to each administrative unit and were randomly selected in accordance with the number of the newspaper subscribers in the ratio of the one-fifteen thousandth. By way of such milti-sampling, 345 subjects were randomly selected and interviewed with a questionnaire of 36 items prepared in advance.
After the survey, the socio-economic-demographic status was analyzed. And then following factors were analyzed:
1. The subject's attitude toward the science news and science policies of the government, reported by the mass media, 2. The subject's access to science news and science policies of the government, 3. The factor of group pattern, 4. The subject's response to science news and policies, 5. The subject's understanding of science news and policies reported by the media and etc.
As the results of the study, certain interesting findings emerged, of which some important ones follow:
1. The mass audiences depend for their sources on daily papers more than any other media; 2. The highest ranking of "motive" of access to science news and/or science policies appears to be "in order to acquire knowledge," while the passive motive such as "advice by others" ranks low; 3. The dominant factors governing apathy to science news and policies are ignorance, poor readability, and difficulty of understanding science news in general; 4. Ranking of the readers' interest in science news stands in the order of closeness and immediacy of the subjects to their daily life, such as "health", "public nuisance, and pollution" and "drug and medicine"; 5. The closer the topic is to the interest of the audiences, the more the science news is read by them; 6. The overwhelming response of the audience was that their daily life is positively affected by science news; 7. The audiences responded that science editorials and comments are hard to understand; 8. Science news in general motivates the audiences' awareness and/or intensiveness.
Reviewing some of important factors and findings, it is felt that the media and government should take some measures (a) to increase the dimension of accessibility to science news, (b) to improve readability, (c) to solve the problems of apathy, and etc.
Some of measures to he recommended are: (a) to increase pages of daily edition of the newspaper, (b) to prevent the general science news and those concerning the daily life from being neglected, (c) to induce readers to wider accessibility to the media and daily applications of knowledge so gained, (d) to have adult education performed for the masses by utilizing the educational institutions, (e) more emphases be given to the dissemination of scientific culture through the electronic media, and etc.
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