발달장애인을 위한 후견계약과 개선과제

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Generally an adult over 19 years old is presumed to make decisions in all areas of his life. People who suffer from a mental illness or handicap, a degenerative disease or some other kind of disability may not be able to make decisions about their financial, legal, medical, or personal affairs. They may be unconscious and unable to decide anything, including where and how to live. They need an adult guardian.
On 1. July, 2013 adult guardianship institution is introduced in Korean Civil Code in order to care for the personal and property interests of a person who is incapable of caring for his or her own interests due to mental illness, mental deficiency or developmental disability. A guardianship is a relationship by which one person(the guardian) acts for another(the ward), who is regarded as being incapable of managing his or her own affairs. A guardian has authority to make personal decisions for the ward, such as where and under what conditions the ward will live. A guardian may also decide about his finances, medical and personal care, or both.
The family court can appoint a guardian only if the court determines that a person is incapacitated and the services of a guardian are necessary. The court may grant “limited guardianship” allowing the guardian to make only certain decisions. And “special guardianship” is created for the limited purpose of helping the incapacitated person with protective arrangements.
There is another form of guardianship which is established by guardianship contract(voluntary guardianship) between the ward and the guardian for the present or probable future incapacity of the ward. The guardianship contract is an agreement whereby the guardian of an elder or incapacitated adult grants guardianship to another person. The agreement grants all of the rights and power of guardianship such as the power to obtain medical services and make decisions regarding the incapacitated adult’s general welfare.
The guardianship contract, however, is not appropriate for the people with developmental disabilities insofar as the contract is only concluded by the person in question according to Civil Code. The person with developmental disabilities cannot decide by himself at all whether he needs any guardian or not.
Further there is no provisions in Civil Code whether the parents can designate a guardian for surviving disabled children in the event that they become deceased.
So it is necessary to establish the provisions which allow the parents to nominate a guardian in the event they pass(Guardianship Clause in a Will).

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 문제의 제기
• Ⅱ. 성년후견제도에 의한 발달장애인의 권리 보호
• Ⅲ. 후견계약의 주요 내용 및 문제점
• Ⅳ. 유언에 의한 성년후견인의 지정
• Ⅴ. 개선과제
• Ⅵ. 결론
• 참고문헌
• 〈Abstract〉

참고문헌 (Reference)

• 1 이영규, "후견계약" 비교법학연구소 41 : 859-893, 2014
• 2 최현태, "피성년후견인의 신상 보호와 자기결정능력 존중" 법학연구소 16 (16): 487-519, 2013
• 3 조성혜, "지적장애인에 대한 성년후견제도의 문제점" 한국비교노동법학회 30 : 183-228, 2014
• 4 이지은, "임의후견제도의 활용 및 전망에 대한 소고" (창간) : 85-111, 2013
• 5 이지은, "임의후견제도와 타인을 위한 후견계약 —프랑스 성년후견제도의 시사점—" 한국가족법학회 27 (27): 71-112, 2013
• 6 오호철, "임의후견제도 개선에 관한 고찰" 한국비교사법학회 20 (20): 1273-1298, 2013
• 7 최현태, "임의후견계약의 문제점과 법정책적 제언" 법학연구원 (44) : 183-212, 2013
• 8 신권철, "성년후견제도의 쟁점과 과제" 2 (2): 39-88, 2013
• 9 백승흠, "성년후견제도의 입법모델에 관한 비교법적 고찰-독일과 일본의 유형을 중심으로-" 한독사회과학회 15 (15): 17-52, 2005
• 10 윤일구, "성년후견제도의 도입에 따른 문제점과 과제" 법학연구소 32 (32): 173-204, 2012
• 11 김상묵, "성년후견제도의 검토 및 향후 과제" 한국법학회 (50) : 517-540, 2013
• 12 현소혜, "법정후견제도의 유형과 활용방안" 1 : 59-84, 2013
• 13 이경림, "발달장애인의 일상생활 능력과 부모의 성취 기대감 및 지원서비스 요구 분석 - 부산광역시를 중심으로 -" 특수교육재활과학연구소 52 (52): 131-151, 2013
• 14 백승흠, "민법개정안의 성년후견제도와 피후견인의 신상보호" 법학연구원 (35) : 53-80, 2011
• 15 박인환, "개정민법상 임의후견제도의 쟁점과 과제" 한국가족법학회 26 (26): 191-228, 2012
• 16 제철웅, "“피성년후견인등의 자격제한 및 차별의 금지에 관한 법률”의 제정 제안" 139-156, 2013