Bacillus subtilis 분리균주들의 독소생성 진균에 대한 항진균 활성 = Antifungal activity of Bacillus subtilis isolates against toxigenic fungi

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Toxigenic fungi can contaminate feed and grains and produce toxins which are toxic and carcinogenic to humans and animals at low concentration. This study aims to evaluate antifungal activity against toxigenic fungi by Bacillus subtilis AF11 and YR47 isolated from soil and their antifungal substances. These strains suppressed mycelial growth in the plate diffusion assay and showed the inhibition zones over 13.3 mm against 3 ochratoxigenic fugi and 4 fumonisinigenic fungi. AF11 and YR47 also inhibited sporulation of the target fungi by 77.7~ 100.0 and 75.4~100.0%, respectively compared to those of the control. They removed 38~90% of the fungal spores (10 7 spores/ml), and suppressed germination of the remaining spores by more than 94.9%. Ochratoxin A production decreased effectively when ochratoxigenic Aspergillus strains were cocultured with AF11 or YR47 in YES broth. It might be due to the antifungal substances including siderophore, β-1,3-glucanase, chitinase and protease produced by these strains. These results suggest that Bacillus subtilis AF11 and YR47 can be used to control growth of toxigenic fungi and their mycotoxin production.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

독소생성 진균은 사료 및 곡물 등을 오염시키며 독소를생산하는데 이는 저농도로도 인간과 동물에게 독성과 발암성을 나타낸다. 본 연구에서는 토양에서 분리한 Bacillus subtilis AF11과 YR47 균주의 독소생성 진균에 대한 항진균 활성과 이들의 항진균 물질을 조사하였다. 이 균주들은 평판확산시험에서 균사 생장을 효과적으로 억제하여3개의 오크라톡신 생성진균과 4개의 퓨모니신 생성진균에 대해 13.3 mm 이상의 억제 직경을 나타내었다. AF11과YR47은 또한 대상 진균의 포자형성을 대조군에 비해 각각77.7~100.0 및 75.4~100.0% 저해하였다. 이들은 진균 포자(10 7 spores/ml)를 38~90% 제거하였으며, 잔류 포자의 발아를 94.9% 이상 억제하였다. YES 액체배지에서 오크라톡신A (OTA) 생성 Aspergillus와 AF11 또는 YR47을 동시 접종시 OTA 생성이 효과적으로 낮아졌다. 이는 이 균주들이 생성하는 siderophore, β-1,3-glucanase, chitinase 및 protease 를 포함한 항진균 물질 때문인 것으로 판단된다. 이 결과는Bacillus subtilis AF11과 YR47 균주가 독소생성 진균의 생장및 진균독소 생성의 제어에 이용될 수 있는 것을 제시한다.

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