도시 공공디자인 정책문서의 젠더 프레이밍 구조 분석 = An Analysis of Gender Framing Structures in Urban Public Design Policy Document

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

(Background & Purpose) This study aims to empirically reveal the structural framing of gender within urban public design policy documents through quantitative linguistic analysis. Public design policy documents not only serve as technical guidelines for urban spatial composition and implementation strategies, but also function as symbolic discursive tools that linguistically define and shape specific social values and identities. Although policy language outwardly aspires to neutrality and universality, in reality, it often centers the experiences and perspectives of dominant social groups. As a result, gendered experiences are frequently excluded or silenced in the textual construction of policy. While previous urban policy research has mainly addressed the spatial exclusion or institutional marginalization of gender, few studies have empirically investigated how gender is structurally framed—or omitted—within the language of policy documents. This study seeks to fill this gap by analyzing the embedded framing of gender in public design policy language, focusing on how gender may appear textually but remain disconnected from actionable policy discourse, a phenomenon conceptualized here as "framed silence." (Method) To ensure administrative and regional diversity, the study selected policy documents from ten local and central government bodies in South Korea and constructed a corpus of 14,941 paragraphs. Predefined gender-related keywords (e.g., women, diversity, LGBTQ+) and value-neutral policy terms (e.g., safety, participation, universality) were used as the basis for the analysis. The study employed a multi-method approach combining term frequency–inverse document frequency (TF-IDF) analysis, semantic similarity analysis using Word2Vec, co-occurrence network analysis and centrality analysis, and syntactic role analysis. The results were integrated through visualizations and network metrics to structurally evaluate the positionality and function of gendered terms within policy discourse. (Results) The findings indicate that gender-related keywords appear with significantly low frequency and low TF-IDF scores, occupying peripheral positions in the semantic similarity space relative to core policy keywords. The co-occurrence network showed mostly isolated or single-link connections, and centrality analysis further revealed that gender-related terms functioned as peripheral rather than central nodes. Syntactic analysis indicated that such keywords more frequently appeared as modifiers or objects rather than as grammatical subjects, suggesting that gender is not positioned as an active agent in policy execution but rather as a symbolic or declarative element. (Conclusions) This study empirically demonstrates that gender in urban public design policy documents is not merely underrepresented but structurally silenced—disconnected from core policy language and frameworks. The results highlight the need for linguistic audits and structural revisions in policy discourse to strengthen gender sensitivity. This study proposes a quantitative linguistic framework for assessing gender sensitivity in policy documents and offers a foundation for transitioning toward more gender-integrated public design practices.