해방직후 인천노동운동의 성격

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study is to analyze labor movements in Incheon. Only a little while after the liberation of Korea the national council of Korea (Jeon Pyoung) who were occupying the hegemony of labor movements were relying more on political struggle than economic struggle. The national council of Korea, using general strike as their main weapon, combined the political struggle and the economic struggle and also advanced to armed struggle which was a big distinguishing trait in comparison to others. In this sense thinking labor movements after liberation only as the economic struggle had a limit thus using subjective and objective minds to comprehend as whole is required. Firstly, Incheon, while colonized by the Japanese, constructed several armaments factories and had a reasonable amount of productive capacity, but after the liberation many of the factories began to discontinue operation, as a result there were thousands of unemployed sent out to the streets and unexpected rise in commodity prices made the laborers lives more difficult. Secondly, after the liberation when the Japanese had withdrawn, public started to initiate the autonomous management of the factory by the laborers to run the factories themselves. However the majority of the laborers were working for companies that had less than 150workers and also when the US military government started to appoint managers the autonomous management of the factory by the laborers started to weaken. Thirdly, after the liberation in Incheon, diverse socialism organizations began to take part. As the national council of Korea was organized labor movements in Incheon rapidly emerged and affiliated with the national council of Korea to work together whole. Lastly, as mentioned labor movements after the liberation can’t be limited as a political struggle. This is because the national council of Korea, who was occupying the hegemony of labor movements, used general strike as a weapon to initiate the political struggle. Therefore labor movements in Incheon after the liberation should be analyzed with political and economic struggle as a whole.