학생의 수학적 능력에 대한 초등학교 교사의 마인드셋 분석 = An analysis of elementary school teachers’ mindset regarding students’ mathematical ability

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구의 목적은 학생의 수학적 능력에 대한 초등학교 교사의 마인드셋을 분석하는 것이다. 이를 위해 선행연구를 고찰하여 학생의 수학적 능력에 초점을 두고 교사의 마인드셋을 측정하기 위한 20개의 문항으로 구성된 검사 도구를 개발하였다.
개발된 검사 도구를 검증하기 위하여 초등학교 교사 158명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하고, 이를 활용한 탐색적 요인 분석을 통해 문항의 구조를 분석하였다. 그 결과 ‘수학적 능력의 변화에 대한 성장 마인드셋’, ‘수학적 능력의 변화에 대한 고정마인드셋’, ‘타고난 수학적 능력에 대한 마인드셋’이라는 세 가지 요인이 발견되었다. 이 세 가지 요인별 점수를 변수로 설정하여 마인드셋에 따른 교사 집단별 특징을 알아보기 위해 잠재프로파일 분석을 시행하였다. 그 결과, 네 개의 집단이 도출되었다. 가장 많은 연구 참여자가 속한 집단은 ‘성장 마인드셋을 지닌 교사’이고 다음으로 ‘중립 마인드셋을 지닌 교사’가 많았다. ‘강한 성장 마인드셋을 지닌 교사’와 ‘고정 마인드셋을 지닌 교사’가 뒤를 이었다. 각 프로파일에 속한 교사의 특징을 자세히 알아보기 위해 선정된 교사와 면담을 진행하여 해당 교사의 응답 결과를 탐색하였다. 이를 바탕으로 학생의 수학적 능력에 대한 교사의 마인드셋의 분류, 우리나라 초등학교 교사의 성장 마인드셋의 경향, 타고난 수학적 능력에 대한 교사의 마인드셋 연구 등의 측면에서 마인드셋에 대한 시사점을 논의하였다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study is to analyze elementary school teachers’ mindsets about students’ mathematical ability.
For this purpose, we developed a 20-item scale to measure teachers’ mindset through a review of the literature.
In order to verify the developed scale, a survey was conducted among 158 elementary school teachers, and the structure of the items was analyzed by exploratory factor analysis. As a result, three factors were identified: “growth mindset toward change in mathematical ability”, “fixed mindset toward change in mathematical ability”, and “mindset toward innate mathematical ability”. Four groups were distinguished by latent profile analysis, using the scores on these three factors as variables, to characterize the different groups of teachers based on their mindset. The groups with the most participants in the study were, in order, growth mindset teachers, neutral mindset teachers, strong growth mindset teachers, and fixed mindset teachers. Interviews were also conducted with representative participants from each group to learn more about the characteristics of teachers in each profile. Based on the results of the study, we discussed the implications of mindset in terms of the classification of teachers’ mindset about students’ mathematical ability, the popularity of growth mindset among elementary school teachers in Korea, and research on teachers’ mindset about innate mathematical ability.

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