역사교육의 목적 재설정 논의 필요성과 방향 = The Need and Direction for Redefining the Objectives of History Education

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The pursuit of lessons from history by humanity has long been rooted in the belief that history repeats itself. However, with the rapid changes in society, this belief in deriving lessons from history has gradually weakened, leading to a transformation in the objectives of history education. In modern society, the formation of national identity and citizenship has emerged as significant goals, while the late 20th century has seen a stronger emphasis on the enhancement of historical thinking skills and the cultivation of democratic citizens as the ultimate objectives of history education. Thus, the objectives of history education are not fixed but change according to the spirit of the times. In this context, modern history education, influenced by the advancement of new technologies such as AI, big data, ChatGPT, and virtual reality (VR), must present a new vision and purpose that differ from the past. This entails re-designing the objectives and content of history education to incorporate new research findings and societal demands. This paper discusses the background and direction of setting objectives for history education by examining how the focus of history education has shifted over time and exploring the values that are currently emphasized. It also identifies the differing opinions among historians, history educators, and teachers regarding the objectives of history education, and proposes ways for these three parties to collaborate. Regarding the establishment of objectives for history education, it is suggested that one should examine both essential and instrumental purposes rather than converging on a single direction. The formation of identity, enhancement of historical thinking skills, cultivation of democratic citizens, ecological awareness, and human rights are seen as instrumental purposes achievable through history, while understanding humanity and fostering humaneness are proposed as essential purposes that history education should strive for. The understanding of diverse human identities is emphasized as a means of coexisting with AI and as an essential competency needed in future societies.