The Order of Divine Decrees in the Theology of John Davenant

국문 초록 (Abstract)

이 소논문은 17세기 초에 도르트 총회에 영국 총대로 참석했던 존 다브넌트(John Davenant)의 하나님의 논리적인 작정의 순서에 대한 입장에 관한 연구이다. 이 신학적 주제에 대한 다브넌트의 입장은 그의 생애동안 한 번도 바뀌지 않았다. 특히 그가 참석했던 도르트 총회 전과 총회 기간동안, 그리고 총회 이후에도 그의 입장은 한결 같았다. 어떤 학자들은 다브넌트가 작정의 논리적인 순서에 대해서 아미랄두스 주의의 입장을 취했다고 주장한다. 이 소논문에서는 그 교리에 관한 다브넌트의 입장이 아미랄두스 주의(Amyraldianism)와 다르다는 것을 입증하려고 시도한다. 그것을 위해서 먼저 모이세 아미로(Moïse Amyraut)의 스승이었던 존 카메론(John Cameron)의 하나님의 작정의 논리적 순서에 대한 입장을 다브넌트의 입장과 비교, 대조함으로 구체적으로 무엇이 다른지를 분석한다. 그리고 다브넌트의 신학적 견해가 도르트 신조의 입장과 일치하는지 살펴본다. 작정의 논리적 순서에 관한 존 카메론의 입장이 다브넌트와 다른 점은 그리스도를 세상에 보내기로 한 작정이 택자들을 선택하는 작정보다 논리적으로 앞선다는 것이다. 다브넌트는 하나님의 작정이 단순히 구원을 가능하게 만드는 것이 아니며, 하나님의 작정이 무산되는 것은 있을 수 없는 일이라고 믿었다. 작정의 논리적 순서에 관한 다브넌트의 입장은 성경에 드러난 우주적인 복음 선포에 근거하고 있다. 결론적으로, 하나님의 작정의 논리적 순서에 관한 다브넌트의 입장은 아미랄두스 주의와 다르고, 도르트 신조의 내용과 충돌되지 않으며, 17세기 초의 정통 개혁주의 입장 중에서 타락 후 선택설(infralapsarianism)에 가깝다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This paper examines Davenant’s view on the order of the divine decrees. His view had not changed during his life. His view before the Synod of Dort, during the Synod, and after the Synod was consistent. Some modern scholars have stated that Davenant’s view on the order of the decrees was in line with Amyraut’s. In this paper, Davenant’s view is compared with Cameron’s position which influenced Amyraut’s view. Cameron’s view was clearly distinct from Davenant’s. This difference implies that Davenant held a non-Cameronian view on the order of the divine decrees. One critical point is that, unlike Davenant, the decree of sending Christ preceded the decree of choosing the elect in Cameron’s thought. Davenant believed that God’s decrees did not just make salvation possible nor were they frustrated. That is another significant point for making a distinction between Davenant’s and Cameron’s thought. Davenant’s view on the universal aspect of the divine decree was based on the universal proclamation of the Gospel which was revealed in Scripture. As such, though both Davenant and Cameron maintained a twofold predestination, the former differed from the latter. Davenant’s view on the order of the divine decree was closer to the Canons of Dort.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. Introduction Ⅱ. Davenant’s View on the Order of the Divine Decrees Ⅲ. Cameron’s View on the Order of the Divine Decrees Ⅳ. The Order of Divine Decrees at the Synod of Dort Ⅴ. Conclusion

참고문헌 (Reference)

• 1 Fesko, J. V., "‘Lapsarian Diversity at the Synod of Dort’ in Drawn Into Controversie: Reformed Theological Diversity and Debates Within Seventeenth-Century British Puritanism" Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht 2011
• 2 Cameron, John, "‘De Triplici Dei’ in ΤΑ ΣΩΖΟΜΕΝΑ Sive Opera Partim Ab Auctore Ipso Edita, Partim Post Ejus Obitum Vulgata, Partim Nusquam Hactenus Publicata, Vel e Gallico Idiomate Nunc Primum in Latinam Linguam Translata" Petrus Chouët 1658
• 3 Davenant, John, "‘De Prædestinatione et Reprobatione’ in Dissertationes Duæ:Prima de Morte Christi, Quatenus Ad Omnes Extendatur, Quatenus Ad Solos Electos Restringatur. Altera de Prædestinatione & Reprobatione ... Quibus Subnectitur Ejusdem D. Davenantii Sententia de Gallicana Controversia:Sc. de Gratiosa & Salutari Dei Erga Homines Peccatores Voluntate" Roger Daniel 1650
• 4 Davenant, John, "‘De Gallicana Controversia D. Davenantii Sententia’, Appended to John Davenant, Dissertatio de Morte Christi... Quibus Subnectitue Eiusdem D. Davenantii Sententia de Gallicana Controversia: Sc. De Gratiosa & Salutari Dei Erga Homines Peccatores Voluntate" Roger Daniels 1683
• 5 Cameron, John, "‘De Electionis Oppositae Reprobationis Obiecto’ in ΤΑ ΣΩΖΟΜΕΝΑ Sive Opera Partim Ab Auctore Ipso Edita, Partim Post Ejus Obitum Vulgata, Partim Nusquam Hactenus Publicata, Vel e Gallico Idiomate Nunc Primum in Latinam Linguam Translata" Petrus Chouët 1658
• 6 Djaballah, Amar, "‘Controversy on Universal Grace,’ in From Heaven He Came and Sought Her" Crossway 2013
• 7 Cameron, John, "‘Concerning the Three-Fold Covenant of God with Man’ in The True Bounds of Christian Freedome Or a Treatise Wherein the Rights of the Law Are Vindicated, the Liberties of Grace Maintained: And the Several Late Opinions against the Law Are Examined and Confuted" Printed, for P.S. and are to be sold by Austin Rice at the three Hearts at the west end of Pauls 1656
• 8 Muller, Richard A., "‘A Tale of Two Wills? Calvin, Amyraut, and Du Moulin on Ezekiel 18:23’ in Calvin and the Reformed Tradition: On the Work of Christ and the Order of Salvation" Baker Books 2012
• 9 Cameron, John, "ΤΑ ΣΩΖΟΜΕΝΑ Sive Opera Partim Ab Auctore Ipso Edita, Partim Post Ejus Obitum Vulgata, Partim Nusquam Hactenus Publicata, Vel e Gallico Idiomate Nunc Primum in Latinam Linguam Translata" Petrus Chouët 1658
• 10 Warfield, Benjamin B, "The Plan of Salvation" Eerdmans 1977
• 11 Sinnema, Donald W., "The Issue of Reprobation at the Synod of Dort (1618-1619) in Light of the History of This Doctrine" University of St. Michael’s College 1985
• 12 Brandt, Gerard, "The History of the Reformation, and Other Ecclesiastical Transactions in and about the Low-Countries, from the Beginning of the Eighth Century down to the Famous Synod of Dort, Inclusive in Which All the Revolutions That Happen’d in Church and State, on Account of the Divisions Betweeen The Protestants and Papists, The Arminians and Calvinists, Are Fairly and Fully Represented" Printed by T. Wood, for John Nicks 1723
• 13 Schaff, Philip, "The Creeds of Christendom with a History and Critical Notes Volume iii" Baker Books 1993
• 14 Dabney, Robert Lewis, "Systematic Theology" Banner of Truth Trust 1985
• 15 Berkhof, Louis, "Systematic Theology" Wm. B. Eerdmans 1996
• 16 Muller, Richard A., "Review of “English Hypothetical Universalism: John Preston and the Softening of Reformed Theology”"
• 17 Gootjes, Albert, "Reformed Historical-Theological Studies" Michigan:Reformation Heritage Books 2014
• 18 Rouwendal, Pieter L., "Predestination and Preaching : In Genevan Theology from John Calvin to Benedict Pictet" Summum 2016
• 19 Hildebrand, Herman, "Orthodoxa Declaratio Articulorum Trium: De Mortis Christi Sufficientia et Efficacia, Reprobationis Causa Meritoria, Privata Denique Communione, Conscio & instante venerando ministerio Bremensi, pro sopiendis inter quosdam collegat hinc exortis controversiis concepta, & in eodem collegio ann. 1639. d. 4, & 3" Typis Bertholdi Villieriani 1642
• 20 Daniel, Curt. D., "Hyper-Calvinism and John Gill" University of Edinburgh 1983
• 21 Hoard, Samuel, "Gods Love to Mankind, Manifested by Disproving His Absolute Decree for Their Damnation" Printed for John Clark 1673
• 22 Davenant, John, "George Carleton, Samuel Ward, Thomas Goad, and Walter Balcanquall. The Collegiat Suffrage of the Divines of Great Britaine, Concerning the Five Articles Controverted in the Low Countries. Which Suffrage Was by Them Delivered in the Synod of Dort, March 6 Anno 1619. Being Their Vote or Voice Foregoing the Joint and Publique Judgment of That Synod" Printed for Robert Milbourne 1619
• 23 Rex, Walter, "Essays on Pierre Bayle and Religious Controversy" Nijhoff 1965
• 24 Moore, Jonathan D., "English Hypothetical Universalism : John Preston and the Softening of Reformed Theology" Eerdmans 2007
• 25 Davenant, John, "Dissertationes Duæ: Prima de Morte Christi, Quatenus Ad Omnes Extendatur, Quatenus Ad Solos Electos Restringatur. Altera de Prædestinatione & Reprobatione ... Quibus Subnectitur Ejusdem D. Davenantii Sententia de Gallicana Controversia: Sc. de Gratiosa & Salutari Dei Erga Homines Peccatores Voluntate" Roger Daniel 1650
• 26 Davenant, John, "Dissertatio de Morte Christi Per Reverendissimum Virum Joannem Davenantium; Quibus Subnectitur Ejusdem D Davenantii Sententia de Gallicana Contro" Roger Daniel 1683
• 27 Muller, Richard A, "Dictionary of Latin and Greek Theological Terms : Drawn Principally from Protestant Scholastic Theology" Baker Book House 1995
• 28 Crisp, Oliver D., "Deviant Calvinism : Broadening Reformed Theology" Fortress 2014
• 29 Cameron, John, "De Ordine Salutio’ in ΤΑ ΣΩΖΟΜΕΝΑ Sive Opera Partim Ab Auctore Ipso Edita, Partim Post Ejus Obitum Vulgata, Partim Nusquam Hactenus Publicata, Vel e Gallico Idiomate Nunc Primum in Latinam Linguam Translata" Petrus Chouët 1658
• 30 Muller, Richard A., "Dating John Davenant’s De Gallicana Controversia Sententia in the Context of Debate over John Cameron: A Correction" 50 : 10-22, 2015
• 31 Clausen, Sara Jean, "Calvinism in the Anglican Hierarchy, 1603-1643:Four Episcopal Examples" Vanderbilt University 1989
• 32 Muller, Richard A, "Calvin and the Reformed Tradition: On the Work of Christ and the Order of Salvation" Baker Books 2012
• 33 Tyacke, Nicholas, "Anti-Calvinists: The Rise of English Arminianism, c. 1590-1640" Oxford University Press 1990
• 34 Davenant, John, "Animadversions Written by the Right Reverend Father in God John, Lord Bishop of Salisbury, upon a Treatise Intitled Gods Love to Mankind" John Partridge 1641
• 35 Davenant, John, "An Exposition of the Epistle of St. Paul to the Colossians" Adams and Company 1832
• 36 Cameron, John, "Amica Collatio De Gratiae Et Voluntatis Humanae Concursu In Vocatione & Quibusdam Annexis, Instituta Inter cl. V. Danielem Tilenum et Johannem Cameronem" Lvgdvni Batavorvm Sumptibus Benedicti Mignonii 1622
• 37 "ACTA SYNODI NATIONALIS, In Nomine Domini Nostri IESV CHRISTI, Autoritate ILLVSTR. ET PRAEPOTENTVM DD. ORDINVM GENERALIVM FOEDERATI BELGII PROVINCIARVM, DORDRECHTI HABITAE ANNO 1618 ET 1619. Accedunt Plenissima, de Quinque Articulis, Theologorum Judicia"
• 38 Davenant, John, "A Dissertation on the Death of Christ" Quinta Press 2006
• 39 Rouwendal, Pieter L., "A Companion to Reformed Orthodoxy" BRILL 2013