연령차별금지의 법제와 법적 문제 = 미국ㆍ네덜란드ㆍ호주의 연령차별금지법을 중심으로

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Having the opinion that the age is one of the grounds because of which discriminations shall be prohibited, many countries and international organizations have made provisions for the protection against age discrimination. Therefore, the age discrimination, including not only any direct but indirect discrimination based on age, harassment on grounds of age, retaliation in relation to age discrimination and instructions to discriminate, are unlawful according to these national and international acts against age discrimination. Moreover, these acts are applied to the field of employment, education, provision of goods, services, facilities and accommodation.
U.S., Netherlands and Australia have specific acts related to non-discrimination based on age. The acts of U.S. and Netherlands focus on employment and occupation, but the act of Australia includes all the field of discrimination. Both models have strong and weak point as well. According to their historical and social context of countries concerned can determine the type of law on non-discrimination against age. Korea has a general non-discrimination act (National Human Rights Commission Act) which provides that a discrimination on the basis of 19 grounds including age shall be prohibited in the field of employment, education and provision of goods, services and facilities etc.
There are three legal problems about the discrimination because of age: the concept, the exception and the scope of discrimination. It is very important to recognize that the concept of the age discrimination include any indirect discrimination, harassment, retaliation and instructions of discrimination. Relating to the exception of discrimination, bona fide occupational qualification, positive action and employment policy belong to general exceptions. The bona fide occupational qualification means the genuine and essential occupational requirements of particular job. Positive actions are the actions that prevent or compensate for disadvantage of persons of particular age. Employment policies which promote equal opportunities of younger or older workers can justify the discrimination because of age. All of these exceptions of discrimination is required to be justified by legitimate aims and appropriate and necessary means to achieve the aims. It is desirable for the scope of discrimination that an act prohibiting age discrimination is able to be applied to extend to all the field of discrimination. Every form of acts of non-discrimination based on age may contribute to combat and eliminate any age discrimination and to protect and promote the right of all persons to equality before the law.

참고문헌 (Reference)

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