中国教育法治现代化与教育法典编纂 = Modernization of Education Rule of Law and Codification of Education Law in China

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

2020年5月，《中华人民共和国民法典》被全国人民代表大会表决通过，极大地激发了中国法律学者对法典化的研究热潮。总结编纂民法典的经验，适时推动条件成熟的立法领域法典编纂工作，是当前中国立法工作和学术研究面临的最优先任务之一。2023年以来，中国教育部着手推动教育法典的编纂工作，并组织学者成立了立法研究课题组。从学术研究来看，有关教育法典编纂的讨论始于2017年，在2022年以来逐渐成为热门话题。主流观点认为，中国编纂教育法典的时机已经成熟：其一，1949年中华人民共和国成立以来，教育事业取得了巨大的成功，教育事业的现代化需要一部成熟的教育法典；其二，1978年改革开放以来，中国的教育法治建设快速发展，已经制定了20余部法律、行政法规，积累了丰富的立法经验，但也存在进一步提升教育法律规范质量、消除规范冲突的需求；其三，2012年以来，中国实施了全面推进依法治国战略，教育治理的现代化是国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的重要组成部分，制定教育法典的时机已经到来。当前，学术界对于如何编纂教育法典、编纂什么样的教育法典正在激烈争论；未来十年内，中国极有可能成功编纂一部具有中国特色的教育法典，为全球教育法治建设贡献中国方案和东方智慧。

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

In May 2020, the Civil Code of the People's Republic of China was passed by the National People's Congress, which greatly stimulated the research enthusiasm of Chinese legal scholars on codification. Summarizing the experience of compiling the Civil Code and promoting the codification of mature legislative fields at the right time is one of the top priorities for China's legislative work and academic research at present.
Since 2023, the Ministry of Education of China has initiated the compilation of the Education Code and organized scholars to form a legislative research team. From an academic perspective, discussions on the compilation of the Education Code began in 2017 and have gradually become a hot topic since 2022. The mainstream view holds that the time is ripe for China to compile an Education Code: first, since the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949, China's education sector has achieved remarkable success, and the modernization of education requires a mature Education Code; second, since the reform and opening up in 1978, China's education legal system has developed rapidly, with over 20 laws and administrative regulations formulated, accumulating rich legislative experience, but there is a need to further improve the quality of education laws and regulations and eliminate normative conflicts; third, since 2012, China has implemented the strategy of comprehensively advancing law-based governance, and the modernization of education governance is an important part of the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity, making the timing for the formulation of the Education Code ripe.
Currently, the academic community is engaged in intense debates on how to compile the Education Code and what kind of Education Code to compile. Within the next decade, China is highly likely to successfully compile an Education Code with Chinese characteristics, contributing Chinese solutions and Eastern wisdom to global education legal governance.