[특집] 일본의 재래식 전력과 동북아 안보정책

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This report will take up the following three subjects. The first is the description of a background and a principle posture concerning National ~fense Program Outline formulated in 1996 as principle policies for the defense of Japan. The second is to analyze the nature of Japans conventional forces indicated in the (Mid-tenn) Defense Build-up Program which has been implemented under the Outline. The last is to explain the content of so-called military Emergency Bills brought up in the Diet, and to consider the implication of it. Certainly, Japan extends its defense from the simple repulse of direct aggression against Japan to the flexible action against various threats occurring in and out of Japan more and more conspicuously after the end of the Cold War as envisaged in National Defense Program Outline in 1996. Moreover, in the latest Mid-tern Defense Build-up Program, the emphasis of defense is being placed on the southern area of Japan including isolated islands. The Outline, however, retains its defense posture of defending Japan and its surrounding areas in principal. The equipment of the Self-Defense Forces is also prepared according to this posture. Japans defense posture today has two basic thoughts. The first one stems from the concept of Basic Defense Force in 1976. It mainly aimed to equip necessary functions over the defense and take balanced postures in its organization and deployment including the logistical support, for the purpose of putting on the sufficient alert in peacetime and repelling limited and small-scale aggression. Under this thought, Japan made an attempt to possess the minimum defense capabilities necessary for an independent county so that it would not turn into a power vacuum and become an unstable factor in Japans neighboring region, instead of building up an adequate capabilities of its own to counter directly a military threat to Japan. Japan has retained this posture, whether explicitly or implicitly, until today. After the Cold War, Japan made a total review of the Defense Program during the mid 19905. It responded to the altered strategic landscape in East Asia. As the result of this review, Japan decided the New National Defense Program Outline in 1996. The concept of Basic Defense Force continues. On the other hand, the new Outline have new roles, dealing with large-scale disasters and other emergencies and contribution to create more stable security environment along with the main mission of the Japans defense. These are, however, limited to MOOTW, the military operations other than war. The features of the defense capabilities under National Defense Program Outline of 1996 are as follows. Generally, Japan aims to enhance its capability in its quality, but tries to reduce it in quantity. The new system of GSDF is started. Some divisions are replaced and new brigades are placed. It is the transition of the military strategy from armored divisions to mobility. And also its strategic posture reoriented toward south, Kyushu and Okinawa. The Maritime Self-Defense Force is transferring its emphasis from anti-submarine warfare to maritime surveillance capability by patrol aircraft. Its shift would contribute to strategic stability in Western Pacific, with the presence of U. S. Navy. In the 1980s, Japan developed a defense capacity to protect the Asia-Pacific sea lanes extending 1,(0) nautical miles outward from Japan. Around the same time, Japan accepted a special mission to develop an incomparable antisubmarine warfare capability. One of the outcomes of these two programs is that Japan has a considerable store of expertise and equipment applicable to surveillance and interdiction of targets in the mid-ocean and coastal areas. By many measures, the MSDF is now the worlds second-most powerful maritime force, counting among its assets an aerial armada of 100 P-3C Orion patrol aircraft.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 서론
• Ⅱ. 1976년과 1996년의 일본 방위계획대강
• Ⅲ. 일본의 방위와 일ㆍ미안보협정
• Ⅳ. 일본 재래식 전력의 특징