北韓의 對外政策 小考 : 在日 朝總漣과의 關係를 中心으로 Focusing on its relation to the General League of Korean in Japan = A Review of North Korea's Foreign Policy

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

In this paper an attempt is made to review North Korea's diplomatic policy toward Japan, including the relation of the Korean Worker's Party to the General League of Korean in Japan (Jochongryon), and also toward the Third word under the changing international environment. The characteristics of environment began to change in 1980's and the Soviet activity is growing in East Asia. For different reasons, both the Soviet Union and Communist China favor maintaining the status quo in Korean peninsula.
Both the U.S-China alliance system and Japan-China relations system influenced North Korea's policy toward Japan. The Pyongyang Regime desired to promote mutual ties on broad fields with Tokyo including economic cooperation. Following the signing of the R.O.K-Japanese Normalization Treaty of 1965, Japan ruled out and minimized her contact with North Korea. However, under the rubric of 'separation of politics and economics', a small amount of barter trade was carried out non-official, private level. Meanwhile, North Korea's proclamation of the 200 miles economic zone in 1977 and hardships in negotiating an extension of the private level fishery agreement issues are troublesome between two countries. Furthermore, North Korea's inability to pay its trade debts to Japan caused serious problems in the relations between them. Under such givens, September 1984, North Korea promulgated Joint Investment and Management Enterprise Law which aimed to induce foreign capital especially Japanese one. But because of the failure in the 2nd Seven Year Economic Plan (1978∼84), excess of military expenditures, the regim's contradictoriness, and the social backwardness, North Korea seems to be unable to accomplish its new policy.
In Japan, Jochongryon, led by Han Duck-Soo, was in subordinate to the direct control of North Korean Worker's Party, from 1955 to present. In 1960s, K.W.P. got Jochongryon to conduct a campaign for 'repatriating to North home'. Its aim was to supplement the shortage of manpower in North Korea. As individual rights do not exist there, the returnees was diminished extremely. The other side, Jochongryon gave priority to ideological learnings and educated offsprings so as to become new communist by molding the youth through Kim Il Sung's Juche Idea. These program is under control of K.W.P. in the cloak of national education. Entering 1970s, the organition's pathology of Jochongryon was appeared, in the form of bureaucracy and arbitrariness caused by Han's clan. In the latter half of 1984, its reorganization moves started to pave way for Kim Chung Il's hereditary system.
Against these backgrounds, North Korea found it necessary to expand the scope of its diplomatic activities. To the advantage of the growing strength of Non-Aligned countries, Kim Il Sung was seeking the enhancement of diplomatic and military ties with them. North Korea aimed to outflank and isolate the R.O.K in its international society, and differently had effort to deliver the Relief goods for the Flood disaster area in South Korea and to participate South-North economic talks, after the outrage of Rangoon incident in October 1983.
Insofar as the prospects for the future of Japan's economic exchange with North Korea, even if the latter is oriented to so called open economic system, an enormous expansion of the exchange cannot be expected. Yet the strategy of forceful reunification of the Korean peninsula still remains the fundamental doctrine of North Korea. To withstand the challenge posed by changing security environment, we firstly need a consideration of significance of the pull and pushes of domestic politics, and should further explore an effective skill of diplomacy.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• <目次>
• 序章 : 80年代 東아시아의 國際政治 = 21
• 二章 : 北韓의 對日外交 = 23
• 三章 : 在日 朝總連의 活動過程과 北韓과의 關係 = 26
• 1. 朝總連의 發足과 變身 = 26
• 2. 北送運動의 內幕 = 28
• 3. 朝總連의 對韓工作活動 = 30
• 4. 日本左翼勢力과 北韓과의 關係 = 32
• 5. 金炳植 事件을 통해서 본 朝總連組織의 病理 = 34
• 6. 朝總連系의 敎育實態와 北韓과의 關係 = 34
• 7. 韓國居留民團의 反共活動과의 比較 = 36
• 四章 : 北韓의 對第三世界 外交 = 38
• 第五章 結論: 北韓의 對外政策에 대한 展望과 對應策 -結論에 代하여- = 40